June 12, 2015Source: ProgesoWeekly
Inspiration from Honduras
Hospital Salvador Allende in Havana where Burnett and her classmates study medicine.
June 12, 2015Source: ProgesoWeekly
Hospital Salvador Allende in Havana where Burnett and her classmates study medicine.
Our right to be Marxist-Leninists
In commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Great Patriotic War, the historic leader of the Cuban Revolution expresses his profound admiration for the heroic soviet people who provided an enormous service to humanity
Author: Fidel Castro Ruz | internet@granma.cu
may 8, 2015 12:05:40
The 70th anniversary of the Great Patriotic War will be commemorated the day after tomorrow, May 9. Given the time difference, while I write these lines, the soldiers and officials of the Army of the Russian Federation, full of pride, will be parading through Moscow’s Red Square with their characteristic quick, military steps.
Lenin was a brilliant revolutionary strategist who did not hesitate in assuming the ideas of Marx and implementing them in an immense and only partly industrialized country, whose proletariat party became the most radical and courageous on the planet in the wake of the greatest slaughter that capitalism had caused in the world, where for the first time tanks, automatic weapons, aviation and poison gases made an appearance in wars, and even a legendary cannon capable of launching a heavy projectile more than 100 kilometers made its presence felt in the bloody conflict.
From that carnage emerged the League of Nations, an institution that should have preserved peace but which did not even manage to stop the rapid advance of colonialism in Africa, a great part of Asia, Oceana, the Caribbean, Canada and a contemptuous neo-colonialism in Latin America. Barely 20 years later, another atrocious world war broke out in Europe, the preamble to which was the Spanish Civil War, beginning in 1936.
After the crushing defeat of the Nazis, world nations placed their hopes in the United Nations, which strives to generate cooperation in order to put an end to aggressions and wars, such that countries can preserve the peace, development and peaceful cooperation of the big and small, rich or poor States of the world. Millions of scientists could, among other tasks, increase the chances of the survival of the human species, with billions of people already threatened by food and water shortages within a short period of time. We are already 7.3 billion people on the planet. In 1800 there were only 978 million; this figure rose to 6.07 billion in 2000; and according to conservative estimates by the year 2050 there will be 10 billion.
Of course, scarcely is the arrival to Western Europe of boats full of migrants mentioned, traveling in any object that floats; a river of African migrants, from the continent colonized by the Europeans over hundreds of years. 23 years ago, in a United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development I stated: “An important biological species is in danger of disappearing given the rapid and progressive destruction of its natural life-sustaining conditions. I did not know at that time, how close we were to this.
In commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Great Patriotic War, I wish to put on record our profound admiration for the heroic Soviet people, who provided humankind an enormous service. Today we are seeing the solid alliance between the people of the Russian Federation and the State with the fastest growing economy in the world: The People’s Republic of China; both countries, with their close cooperation, modern science and powerful armies and brave soldiers constitute a powerful shield of world peace and security, so that the life of our species may be preserved.
Physical and mental health, and the spirit of solidarity are norms which must prevail, or the future of humankind, as we know it, will be lost forever. The 27 million Soviets who died in the Great Patriotic War, also did so for humanity and the right to think and be socialists, to be Marxist-Leninists, communists, and leave the dark ages behind.
Fidel Castro Ruz
May 7, 2015
10:14 p.m.
(How many times did we hear after the fall of the USSR that Cuba would soon follow? But it didn’t happen. Here’s a fresh CubaNews translation of a speech in which Fidel rallies the troops and gives his audience the context to explain how the leadership tries to at once save as much as possible, and minimize reductions in both services and projects needed by the population. )
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Speech delivered by Commander-in-Chief Fidel Castro Ruz, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba and President of Councils of State and of Ministers, at the commemoration of Construction Workers Day held in PPG[1] Plant No. 3 in Havana, on December 5, 1992, “34th Year of the Revolution†(Shorthand version by the Council of State) A CubaNews translation. Edited by Walter Lippmann. http://www.walterlippmann.com/fc-12-05-1992.html Comrade constructors: They say that it’s been quite a long time since Havana last hosted the national celebrations for Construction Workers Day, and that this time Havana had indeed been honored by its selection as the venue, so I think that City of Havana province and Habaneros from Havana must be very satisfied (LAUGHTER), but all Habaneros from the rest of the provinces, and mainly the easterners, must also be very satisfied (LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE). For example, I could ask all construction workers here now, men and women alike, to raise your hand if you are from the eastern provinces (MOST OF THOSE PRESENT RAISE THEIR HANDS). Most of you in the front, I guess, are from the Desembarco del Granma contingent (SHOUTS), but I suppose many of those in the back also raised their hand, but truth is, so many of you in the front raised theirs that we could not see all the other hands. OK, barring the Desembarco del Granma members, let all of those from the eastern provinces raise their hand (MANY DO). So I think they must also be very pleased that Havana was tapped for the venue of these celebrations. (APPLAUSE) Of course, I’m aware that we have people here from everywhere and every province, and a few Habaneros. (LAUGHTER) I’m joking when I say a few, for I know there are many Habaneros here (SHOUTS FROM THE AUDIENCE: “From Havana too!â€). Well, let Habaneros raise their hand (MANY DO, SHOUTING). There are a few Habaneros among the construction workers of the capital city. [Jorge] Lezcano says this is the capital city of the whole country and not only of City of Havana province. I know it is, but it’s getting help to fulfill its duties as the capital city of the whole country. (LAUGHTER) Of course, that’s what the rest of Cuba does in international solidarity with the capital city. The truth is, Habaneros are reluctant to keep building things; construction here is now in the hands of our own Third World people (LAUGHTER), but they are good and amount to large numbers. We have reasons to be really satisfied rather than embarrassed about it, and are proud to rely on our fellow citizens from other provinces who have turned out to be great construction workers at that. As you know, we have been making great efforts at construction in these last years, particularly since the beginning of the rectification process: construction work, labor and productivity were growing at a good pace; no work was left unfinished and we were making great savings. That was one of the guiding ideas of the rectification period, because some of those works were going to take 30, 40, 50 years to be finished. They were taking forever, and many branches started to develop rapidly. For instance, in the case of hydraulic works, construction of reservoirs and canals increased three times over in a few years, advancing by leaps and bounds. The extinct mini-brigade movement came back to life and was getting very strong. At one point we had in place scores of contingents of construction workers throughout the country –in my view, the most revolutionary way of organizing construction work– and their example, energy and strength were plain to see, no matter their assignment. A true savings policy was launched. Listen to this: at times we would use 700 kilograms of cement per cubic meter of concrete, and you heard the representative of construction workers in the province of La Habana say that this year they had used only 373 kilograms. How’s that for saving, in terms of wood, iron bars and construction materials! The construction material industry was making great efforts to produce cement, pre-fabricated sections, floor tiles, bricks, blocks, etc. More than $100 million dollars was invested in this industry to build factories like that of white cement, for one, as well as many factories of blocks, bathroom furniture, tiles, cement –we were even building a new plant to make cement and increased the capacity of those we already had– and produced stone, sand and other construction materials; we stepped up the pace of steel bar production and, together with the savings we made in the case of wood and the new systems that use none of it, our construction potential rose to new heights in just a few years. This industry had already planned for and invested in the construction of 100,000 houses per year. How much hard work! Many industries still in boxes were assembled and set in motion. It was all the result of the rectification process in construction; let alone what we did elsewhere. Actually, construction was one of the branches that gave us full satisfaction. However, this extraordinary, magnificent and wonderful effort was brutally disrupted by the terrible and unfortunate events that took place in the socialist bloc and the USSR and brought about their disintegration. With those countries, we had developed 85% of our trade, and we relied on them to confront the criminal blockade imposed by Yankee imperialism; we imported by the billions from them, and they paid a fair price for our goods; thanks to them we had ensured our supply of fuel, raw materials, food, equipment, credits and widespread cooperation in all fields, at economic, political and international level. And now see who gets most votes in almost all those former socialist countries and former Soviet republics. Those countries used to vote for Cuba in every international dispute, but today, as a rule, they rush and hurt their arms to raise their hands to join the US vote. In other words, those events came as a terrible blow to Cuba, both economically and politically. We were left all by ourselves against the Empire. Good thing we had enough energy, blood and determination to stand alone here in front of the Empire and keep fighting and resisting, instead of surrendering like chicken or dissolving like an egg white (APPLAUSE). What terrible conditions, those our people have lived through in these years of struggle! Of course, we have covered ourselves in glory in the process, and today we are highly honored and proud –now more than ever before– to be Cuban and show our steel, forged in the struggle that our compatriots started over 100 years of ago, with the first war of independence in 1868. It’s obvious that we are as courageous as were our men and women in back in 1868, 1895 and 1953, from the first wars of independence and our war of liberation, and that’s what our people are proving with their spirit of self-sacrifice and their heroism, both of which are growing rather than declining these days. (APPLAUSE) Naturally, given the new circumstances, we had to slow down and in some cases halt our work despite their great importance, as in the case of our housing projects. Just imagine what it means to plan for 100,000 houses and then have to do with a few thousands of them. All this tragic situation after the smashup of the USSR and the socialist camp forced us to give up many things and fight against the blockade without the support of the trade we used to have with those countries, a true deed in every sense of the word, and of course, all of it has paved the way for a great deal of deprivation and sacrifice. However, see how much we have done with what little we have and how united, organized and disciplined our people are, to the point that we can deal with the special period and at the same time, despite much hardship, undertake tasks as important as the sugar harvest, cold-weather sowing, the food program and, on top of that, an election. I don’t know how our Party and State comrades and cadre manage, what with all their present obligations and assignments. Right now the special period –which is in a very difficult stage– comes on top of the harvest, all the other tasks and a popular election, and let me tell you, objectively, and with full conviction, no other people in the world participates in an election as does the Cuban people (APPLAUSE); nowhere in the world is an election more democratic; nowhere in the world are human rights more respected despite all the mean slander and campaigns paid and orchestrated by the Empire with the help of some small-time traitors. Despite all those campaigns and lies, nowhere in the world has so much been done for people as in Cuba, as evidenced by the fact that –even in a special period– our infant mortality rate keeps falling rather than growing and all over the world the health indicators are getting worse as a result of today’s international crisis; and we can see that our mortality rate has dropped from 60 to almost 10. The Revolution has saved the lives of many hundreds of thousands of children in that respect alone, and not only within our boundaries but also in the Third World and many other countries. They speak of democracy and human rights but fail to educate people and leave them to starve with no jobs, no health care and no schools. It’s been a long time since a Cuban child had no schools or teachers, since we had illiteracy or beggars, abandoned or homeless people, or sick people without medical care. What the Revolution has meant to our people’s human rights is visible every day in our hospitals, where hearts or kidneys are transplanted to save lives or someone regains their sight after an eye operation, where infants and even premature children have cardiovascular surgery. What this Revolution has done for human rights is proved by the fact that we have put an end to all the disgusting and unfair discrimination that we had here based on skin color, sex and other related forms. We can be proud, as few others, of what we have done since the first days of the Revolution for people’s integrity, respect, decency and ethics, a policy implemented during the war and since. Our country is one of the few in the world where not a single person has disappeared, where murder and torture have never existed, no matter what some despicable persons say. Our people are aware of that, (APPLAUSE) our people can bear witness to that. Look at our political system, in which people cast their vote –I repeat– as in no other in the world. That’s why we say that no other people is more fair or has more equality, social justice, democracy and respect for its citizens, their integrity, rights, safety, well-being and happiness. That’s why we possess great moral strength to defend the Revolution; that’s why we are capable of waging battles in so many fields at the same time and deal, as we are doing now –I repeat– with an election, a harvest, all the tasks of the Revolution and the special period, and with so scant resources, my fellow citizens! Our main resource is our people, their will, their fighting spirit, their capacity for sacrifice, their intelligence, and their ability to find solutions, invent and innovate. Nowhere else in the world is there a body of innovators and inventors like the one we have today. We will soon hold a forum of spare parts and advanced technology, in which I think around 60,000 solutions to many problems will be presented, and that’s an astronomical number. How many brains, how many men and women bursting with love for their homeland, enthusiasm and good faith in the search for solutions to problems further aggravated by the special period do we have! You know the difficulties we have in construction. We are having big problems with fuel. Around 40% or more of our resources must be spent in fuel and use the rest to try and purchase all the other things: food, medicines, raw materials, etc. Such is the epic battle that we had to wage right when we were accomplishing so many things, most of which we had to put aside for a while, because there is something that we have not given up, nor will we ever do: hope. And that’s what we struggle for: our conviction that we will go through these difficult times until we can build the capacity again to carry on with our program and the work of the Revolution. But the essential and most important thing now is to save the Revolution and socialism in Cuba. (APPLAUSE) That’s why our mighty construction movement has not come apart or broken up. The construction capacity of the Ministry of Construction and other bodies like the Ministry of Sugar, the Blas Roca Contingent, UNECA, the People’s Power and the mini-brigades have not come apart or broken up, but been given other assignments in an organized way. Some of our construction workers and even some of our contingents are now engaged in agriculture. Not one of them has been dissolved because we need them now in agriculture and then wherever we need them. Our forces remain organized wherever they are, and we try to send them to where they are most useful to the country, now that we lack fuel, spare parts, resources, construction materials and many other things. They are not disorganized, nor can we let them to be so. A part of them is still building a few essential, top-priority works. We have been forced to stop almost every social work and redeploy construction workers to priority tasks like the ones mentioned here: tourist, biotechnology and pharmaceutical facilities and works related to the food program, as we try to distribute the few resources we have among those top-drawer projects. You are aware of the present difficulties to doing your job, and how often we don’t have the spare parts, the fuel and the material we need to build or make construction materials, and yet we are doing so many things! And we can keep doing things and even better things insofar as we improve our organization, make the most of the available human and material resources, coordinate efforts in our construction industries and sites, so that every liter of fuel, every part and every item we have goes to where it should be and we don’t have to stop any priority work deemed essential to advance, survive, solve our main problems and develop the country. That’s how much we can do. We have two examples here: there in the back is that beautiful biotechnology and medicine production industry built by the Ñico López Contingent in record time (APPLAUSE); and next door is another work designed and almost finished in record time too, just two years. Those are perfect examples of all we are capable of doing during the special period. I have visited these works; when I came to this one not long ago it was at nightfall, but day and night the construction workers were there (SOMEONE FROM THE AUDIENCE ASKS HIM WHICH WORKERS). Most of them from Granma province! (LAUGHTER AND APPLAUSE) Of course, I am talking about the glorious Desembarco del Granma Contingent, made mostly of compatriots from that province (SHOUTS AND APPLAUSE). I saw them at work, and I can bear witness to their effort, be it when they had to rebuild and remodel a house to be turned into a beautiful school to replace another one located in the expected construction site or when in recent days they were about to finish their current assignment, which leads me to think highly of this group of workers, much as I do of the Ñico López Contingent. (APPLAUSE) We are very happy to observe this day near these works, without forgetting the effort made in other similar ones, of which there are many being built both in the Scientific Park and the pharmaceutical industry and in other parts of Cuba. By way of example, I will mention the Cauto River dam in the eastern provinces, which took a lot of effort to finish; an oil refinery that saves us millions of dollars, built in record time in Santiago de Cuba province, and other works almost finished by now. Sometimes it’s a factory to make fish sticks[2], as they are called –we don’t have any other name for those fish-based food items– or sausages or black pudding, or something else. We have focused our efforts on construction related to tourism, the food program, biotechnology and the pharmaceutical industry, and on key industries like those of nickel and steel, in addition to a few social works that we needed to finished and homes, as in La Habana province or some sectors in which what is being done cannot be done without homes. A certain number of homes must be built as part of the food program. That is, we are aware of the deeds performed by our construction workers throughout the Island, from Varadero Beach to other tourist parks, from Villa Clara province to other scientific parks. We are aware of them, but we are happy to be here in front of two examples of how we must work in these times. Who knows how much health and well-being will come out of these biotechnological and pharmaceutical facilities! And we have here an electronic research center where they also produce hi-tech medical equipment. For years, ICID’s construction workers built a number of houses here. There was an elephantine Soviet project east of Havana, but the truth is that no one knew when it would be finished. Made by Cubans, it has been reduced to a third of its original area, and more will be produced and researched on there with one third of the original investment. We will be proud to have still another great facility in this scientific park. In a few months the Molecular Immunology or Monoclonal Antibody Center, as they call it, will be finished (SOMEONE IN THE AUDIENCE TELLS HIM THAT IT’S THE VI CONGRESO CONTINGENT). Congratulations. Beyond is the finished pharmaceutical forms industry, a second PPG plant –almost finished– the Pedro Kouri Tropical Medicine Institute, and Finlay Institute’s Plant No. 3 for meningoencephalitis. Days ago the Desembarco del Granma Contingent finished the Medicine Control and Registration Center, and other forces –in this case CUBALSE’s– finished another important facility, the Finlay Institute’s plant for Virals. We can see how much energy these construction workers of the scientific park display. I have not mentioned every work lest I take too long. We find it particularly satisfying to see what we Cubans can do in such difficult times, and we wonder: are there any other people in the world capable of doing what we are doing in these conditions? (SHOUTS OF “NO!â€) Of that we can be totally convinced, much as we can be proud of belonging in a people like this, never mind how many fainthearted and rats there can be around. There will always be fainthearted ones and some rats, but we don’t even notice them, because what we see every day is your example, what you are and what you mean, and not only in you construction workers here and elsewhere, as we also see it in our researchers, rationalizers and innovators, as well as in our scientists (APPLAUSE), in what they are doing and how they do it. So many renowned scientists ride their bicycles for many kilometers to go to work every day… where else in the world can you see that? A few days ago I was celebrating Latin American Medicine Day with the Hermanos Ameijeiras hospital staff and talked with an outstanding doctor who is an expert on maxillofacial surgery. He was very happy to tell me that he cycles to work every single day –an eminent doctor– and it was good for his health, and I was wondering, where else in the world is an eminence like him capable of doing that but in this country, in our Revolution, in our pure and dignified socialism? (APPLAUSE) And I am not mentioning the hundreds of thousands of workers who have to go to work every day, and not only intellectuals, but eminent figures who offer their services in all modesty. Nowadays, we in Government and the ministries must work extra hard to streamline what resources we have. For instance, today we are very short of fuel, on which we spend around 40% of our export income, as we need fuel for cold-weather sowing and tobacco, rice and sugar programs; for the impending harvest; for construction; for transportation; for electricity, etc., and some fuels like diesel –which our trucks and machinery mostly use– must be distributed in dribs and drabs to every program. But this should never be a justification or an excuse to not do what we can do despite the shortage. (APPLAUSE) With your work, you have proved what can be done. We are making progress in such a way that we can gradually release forces. I was confronted with the dilemma of deducing what task should be assigned to ICID’s strong construction workers, mainly in civil works. We have many forces concentrated in this scientific park, so I said: is there any work capable of fitting ICID’s forces as they finish what they are doing? And then I realized that near this place is a big tourist center under construction that needs hundreds of cottages for rooms. (SHOUTS AND APPLAUSE) I was told: “ICID will be finished by January or Februaryâ€, and I said: “We must give Desembarco del Granma Contingent a taskâ€, not right away in the fields of science or biotechnology, but in a center expected to produce many millions of dollars for us every year. They can even go by bicycle, but it’s such a short way that taking them there would consume very little fuel –I am not saying you should go on foot, since we need you there, hard at work, building at top speed the cottages we need before the facility is ready. UNECA has construction workers there, so maybe the two forces will work together until UNECA is assigned new sites in Havana –they are building tourist facilities– but for the time being you will. Even if hotels like the Habana Libre or the Riviera or other places need some remodeling, they will not be redeployed, because we must stick to the principle that those works need to be finished in record time so that they start to produce at once, and we must invest capital, materials, equipment, fuel, etc. in those places before they become operational. If you finish a part of the Hemingway Marina that we can start to use, we will be using all of it in one year. I think it’s a good assignment to keep our construction workers organized and united. I don’t like to scatter our construction workers, even if sometimes there is no other choice. The Ñico López Contingent has worked in various places, since none of the ongoing works has room for all its members, but the one that I am talking about can take the whole Desembarco del Granma Contingent, and it’s very near the spot where you set up camp to work here. It is important that your daily workplace is within striking distance. For lack of any urgent or more necessary work for this force, that is where their presence makes more sense. That’s what we must do about all our forces. Let our active construction workers consider every task, whatever it is, as important as the next one. We cannot afford to spend time, energy, fuel and resources in secondary works. Yes, it was very painful for us to cut down on all the programs and things that we had planned for, mainly for the population’s benefit, such as the housing program that we had to put aside, but we are pleased to see the fruits of your labor and to see that you are better and more efficient every day. There is still much room for efficiency and the optimal organization of labor in construction. From other people’s experience, we see that we can do more and better in terms of organization, even with our daily difficulties and shortages. We must learn from the best international experience in construction, because your spirit, production capacity and increasing knowledge, together with an optimal organization of labor, we can achieve what no one can in this field. I have always believed that construction is the most essential branch, because without it we would have no industries, agriculture, social development, power plants, reservoirs, nickel or steel production, schools, hospitals, homes, nothing. And important though it may have been in normal circumstances, construction is paramount in the special period, because its effects go straight to the heart, as they say, to the heart of the economy and the heart of Cuba’s most pressing and crucial needs today. (APPLAUSE) You must be aware of that and of the great importance that every brick and block that you lay and every trowelful of cement that you spread today has to save the Revolution and socialism; the importance of every minute and second of your work, and the importance of quality, which I had not mentioned yet: in matters of quality, we have made great strides in the last few years. Much of the success and the victory of the epic battle that we are waging today is placed on your shoulders. Our construction workers are on the front line to salvage the homeland, and we are pleased and glad that we can rely on a battle-hardened and heroic army of them, honorable followers of Armando Mestre, our revolutionary fellow Granma passenger, who has been living in your spirit all these years (HEARTY OVATION) For that reason, and in total appreciation, I congratulate here today all construction workers, those heroic soldiers of our homeland! Socialism or Death! Homeland or Death! We shall overcome! (OVATION)
[1] PPG (policosanol) is marketed in Cuba as a natural medicine with purported benefits including lowering cholesterol levels, boosting energy and weight loss. (T.N.) [2] In English in the original (T.N.) |
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DISCURSO PRONUNCIADO POR EL COMANDANTE EN JEFE FIDEL CASTRO RUZ, PRIMER SECRETARIO DEL COMITE CENTRAL DEL PARTIDO COMUNISTA DE CUBA Y PRESIDENTE DE LOS CONSEJOS DE ESTADO Y DE MINISTROS, EN EL ACTO POR EL DIA DEL CONSTRUCTOR, CELEBRADO EN LA PLANTA TRES DE PPG, CIUDAD DE LA HABANA, EL 5 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1992, “AÑO 34 DE LA REVOLUCION”. (VERSIONES TAQUIGRAFICAS-CONSEJO DE ESTADO) Compañeras y compañeros constructores: Dicen que hacÃa mucho tiempo que La Habana no era sede del acto nacional por el DÃa del Constructor y que en esta ocasión Ciudad de La Habana sà habÃa sido honrada con la concesión de la sede para la celebración de este acto, por lo que pienso que la provincia Ciudad de La Habana debe sentirse muy satisfecha, los habaneros de La Habana deben sentirse muy satisfechos (RISAS), y los habaneros del resto de las provincias, principalmente orientales, deben sentirse también muy satisfechos (RISAS Y APLAUSOS). PodrÃa pedirles, por ejemplo, a ustedes, a los constructores que están aquÃ, hombres y mujeres, que levanten la mano los que son de las provincias orientales (La mayorÃa de los presentes levantan la mano). Estos que están delante, desde luego, son los de Desembarco del “Granma” en su mayorÃa, me imagino (EXCLAMACIONES); pero pienso que por allá también hubo muchas manos levantadas, lo que pasa que eran tantas las de aquà enfrente que no pudimos ver el resto. A ver, excepto los de Desembarco del “Granma”, que levanten la mano los que son de las provincias orientales (Muchos levantan la mano). Luego, pienso que los orientales deben sentirse también muy satisfechos de que la Ciudad de La Habana haya sido declarada sede del acto nacional por el DÃa del Constructor (APLAUSOS). No ignoro, desde luego, que hay aquà de todo, pinareños, vecinos de la provincia de La Habana, matanceros, villaclareños, cienfuegueros, camagüeyanos y algunos habaneros (RISAS). Digo algunos en broma, sé que hay un número importante de habaneros aquà (DEL PUBLICO LE DICEN: “¡Hay habaneros también!”). Bueno, que levanten la mano los habaneros ( Un número importante levanta la mano) (EXCLAMACIONES). Hay unos cuantos de Ciudad de La Habana entre los constructores de la capital (Lezcano le dice que esta es la capital de todo el paÃs y no solo de Ciudad de La Habana). Yo sé que es la capital de todo el paÃs, pero la están ayudando para que pueda cumplir sus funciones de capital de todo el paÃs (RISAS); desde luego, esa es la solidaridad internacionalista del resto del paÃs con la capital de la república. Es que ya los habaneros casi no quieren construir, ahora son los de nuestro Tercer Mundo los que construyen aquà (RISAS); pero es que son buenos y, además, son numerosos. Debemos sentirnos, realmente, satisfechos —no abochornados por eso— y orgullosos de poder contar con la colaboración de estos compatriotas de otras provincias que han resultado, además, ser magnÃficos constructores. Como ustedes saben, en la construcción venÃamos haciendo un esfuerzo extraordinario durante los últimos años, en especial desde que empezó el proceso de rectificación: se incrementaban a un ritmo acelerado y vertiginoso las construcciones, aumentaba el número de trabajadores, se elevaba la productividad, se alcanzaban ahorros importantes, se terminaban las obras. Esa fue una de las ideas fundamentales, e idea rectora del proceso de rectificación, porque habÃa obras que se iban a terminar en 30 años, 40 años, 50 años, se eternizaban las obras, y muchas ramas comenzaron a desarrollarse rápidamente en poco tiempo. Por ejemplo, en las obras hidráulicas, la construcción de presas y canales se multiplicó por tres veces en pocos años, adquirieron un ritmo tremendo, empezaron a terminarse las presas, los canales; se resucitaron las microbrigadas, que habÃan desaparecido, y estaban adquiriendo una extraordinaria fuerza; surgieron los contingentes y ya tenÃamos decenas y decenas de ellos —que fue, a mi juicio, la más revolucionaria forma de organización de la construcción—, se habÃan extendido por todo el paÃs, y su ejemplo, su vigor, su pujanza se hacÃa sentir en todas las obras de cualquier tipo. Comenzó, realmente, una polÃtica de ahorro. Vean ustedes qué dato: hubo tiempos en que se gastaban 700 kilogramos de cemento por metro cúbico de hormigón, y ya aquà el representante de los constructores de La Habana explicó cómo este año habÃan gastado solo 373 kilogramos en la provincia de La Habana, vean qué nivel de ahorro, y qué nivel de ahorro de madera, de cabillas, de materiales de la construcción, en general, se ha alcanzado. Estaba desplegándose un enorme esfuerzo en la industria de materiales, en la producción de cemento, de prefabricado, de baldosas, de ladrillos, de bloques, de todo. Se habÃan invertido más de 100 millones de dólares en inversiones de la industria de materiales de la construcción: fábricas como la de cemento blanco, por citar un ejemplo; numerosas fábricas de bloques; ampliaciones de la fábrica de producción de muebles sanitarios y azulejos; inversiones en la industria de cemento —estábamos construyendo, incluso, una nueva planta de cemento, además de elevar las capacidades de las plantas existentes en el paÃs—; se hicieron importantes inversiones en la producción de piedra, arena y otros materiales de construcción; se ampliaba aceleradamente la producción de cabillas de acero, y —sumando los ahorros que se hacÃan con la madera y nuevos sistemas constructivos que no empleaban madera— estábamos alcanzando una impresionante capacidad de construcción en unos pocos años, ya la industria habÃa hecho las inversiones fundamentales para poder construir 100 000 viviendas por año, vean ustedes qué esfuerzo; muchas industrias que estaban en cajas fueron montadas y puestas a producir. Estos eran los frutos del esfuerzo del proceso de rectificación en el área de la construcción, independientemente de lo que se hacÃa en otras áreas. Realmente una de las ramas en que nos sentÃamos más satisfechos de lo que estábamos haciendo era en la rama de la construcción. Sin embargo, este extraordinario, magnÃfico y maravilloso esfuerzo se vio brutalmente interrumpido por los lamentables e infortunados acontecimientos que tuvieron lugar en el campo socialista y en la Unión Soviética, que dieron lugar a la desintegración tanto de uno como de la otra; paÃses con los que tenÃamos el 85% de nuestro comercio y en los que se apoyaba nuestra economÃa frente al criminal bloqueo del imperialismo yanki, paÃses de donde recibÃamos miles de millones en importaciones, paÃses de donde recibÃamos un precio justo por nuestros productos, paÃses donde tenÃamos garantizado combustibles, materias primas, alimentos, equipos, créditos y una amplia colaboración en todos los terrenos, tanto en el terreno económico y polÃtico como en el internacional. Ya ustedes ven por quiénes votan hoy la inmensa mayorÃa de aquellos paÃses que constituÃan la comunidad socialista o que se desprendieron después de la Unión Soviética. Antes aquellos paÃses en todas las batallas internacionales votaban por Cuba y hoy, como regla, corren, se apuran y se lesionan el brazo levantando la mano para votar junto a Estados Unidos, salvo excepciones. Es decir que para el paÃs esos acontecimientos significaron un terrible golpe, tanto en el terreno económico como en el polÃtico; el paÃs se quedó solo frente al imperio aquÃ. Menos mal que tenÃamos suficiente energÃa, suficiente sangre y suficiente carácter para quedarnos solos aquÃ, frente al imperio, y seguir luchando, seguir resistiendo y no rendirnos como gallinas ni desmerengarnos como la clara de huevo (APLAUSOS). ¡Pero en qué terribles condiciones ha tenido que seguir luchando nuestro pueblo en estos años! Desde luego que es muy alta la gloria, y son muy altos el honor y el orgullo hoy —en este momento más que nunca— de ser cubanos, por haber podido demostrar el temple de nuestro pueblo, que es el temple de acero forjado por la lucha de más de 100 años que iniciaron nuestros compatriotas en la primera guerra de independencia de 1868. Se ve que tenemos el mismo temple de los hombres y mujeres de 1868, de 1895 y de 1953, de las guerras primeras de independencia y de nuestra guerra de liberación, y eso es lo que está probando nuestro pueblo con su espÃritu de sacrificio y con su heroÃsmo en estos tiempos, un heroÃsmo y un espÃritu de sacrificio que veo crecer lejos de disminuir (APLAUSOS). Naturalmente, con la nueva situación planteada, muchos de los programas que estábamos llevando adelante tuvimos que moderarlos y en algunos casos prácticamente paralizarlos, reducir muchos de ellos al mÃnimo, a pesar de ser necesidades muy importantes, como la construcción de viviendas. ImagÃnense lo que fue trabajar para construir 100 000 viviendas y tener que reducir esos programas a unos pocos miles. Toda esta trágica situación del desmerengamiento del campo socialista y de la Unión Soviética nos llevó a tener que sacrificar montones de cosas y tener que luchar contra el bloqueo sin el apoyo que significaba el comercio con aquellos paÃses, una verdadera proeza en todos los sentidos, y, naturalmente, esto se ha tenido que traducir en grandes privaciones y sacrificios. Sin embargo, vean con los pocos recursos que tenemos las cosas que estamos haciendo, cómo se mantienen la organización, la unidad y la disciplina de nuestro pueblo, de tal forma que no solo somos capaces de enfrentarnos al perÃodo especial, sino, además, simultanearlo con tareas tan importantes, en medio de muchas limitaciones, como la realización de la zafra, todo el programa de siembra de frÃo, el programa alimentario, y también con unas elecciones. No sé cómo se las arreglan los compañeros y cuadros del Partido y del Estado, ante tantas obligaciones y tareas como las que tienen en estos instantes. En este momento se nos juntan perÃodo especial —en fase muy crÃtica—, zafra, todas las demás tareas y elecciones con la participación del pueblo, porque en ningún lugar del mundo —lo digo con absoluta convicción y objetividad— el pueblo tiene la participación que tiene el pueblo cubano en el proceso electoral (APLAUSOS); como en ningún lugar del mundo es más democrático ese proceso, como en ningún lugar del mundo se han respetado más los derechos humanos, pese a todas las infames calumnias pagadas por el imperio y las campañas orquestadas por el imperio con la colaboración de algunos traidorzuelos. Pese a esas campañas y mentiras, en ningún lugar del mundo se ha hecho tanto por el hombre y por el ser humano como se ha hecho en nuestro paÃs. Eso se puede apreciar cuando se ve que —incluso, en perÃodo especial—, en vez de aumentar, la mortalidad infantil disminuye, cuando en todas partes del mundo los Ãndices de salud están empeorando con esta situación de crisis internacional; y eso se ve y se aprecia al disminuir la tasa de mortalidad de 60 a 10 aproximadamente. La Revolución ha salvado la vida de cientos y cientos de miles de niños, solo con ese avance; y la Revolución no solo ha salvado vidas en el interior de su frontera, ha salvado vidas más allá de las fronteras, en los territorios de muchos paÃses del Tercer Mundo, y ha salvado muchas vidas del mundo. Hablan de democracia, hablan de derechos humanos y dejan a la gente ignorante, dejan a la gente morirse de hambre, la dejan sin empleo, sin salud, sin educación. Hace mucho rato en este paÃs no hay un niño sin escuela y sin maestro, hace mucho rato en este paÃs no se habla de analfabetismo, hace mucho rato no se habla de pordioseros, de mendigos, de gente pidiendo limosna; hace mucho rato no se habla en este paÃs de gente abandonada, sin un albergue, sin atención médica, ni de enfermos sin médico, sin atención. Lo que ha significado la Revolución para los derechos humanos de nuestro pueblo se expresa en todos los hospitales de nuestro paÃs, todos los dÃas, cuando se hace desde un trasplante del corazón o del riñón para salvar una vida hasta cuando se le devuelve la vista a una persona, o se hace la cirugÃa cardiovascular a niños menores de un año, y, en ocasiones, incluso, a niños prematuros. Lo que ha hecho esta Revolución por los derechos humanos se demuestra en el hecho de haber puesto fin a toda forma de discriminación, tan repugnante, tan injusta como la que existÃa en nuestro paÃs, por cuestiones de color de la piel; discriminación por cuestiones de sexo y otras similares. Nuestro paÃs es uno de los que puede sentirse más orgulloso por lo que ha hecho, desde los primeros dÃas de la Revolución, por la integridad del hombre, por el respeto al hombre, por su decencia, por su ética, porque la misma polÃtica que seguimos en los dÃas de la guerra en materia de respeto al hombre, de la integridad del hombre, es la que hemos seguido desde el triunfo de la Revolución hasta este perÃodo especial; uno de los pocos paÃses del mundo donde no ha habido un solo desaparecido, donde no se ha practicado jamás el crimen ni la tortura, digan lo que digan los infames, y eso lo sabe todo nuestro pueblo (APLAUSOS). Tenemos por testigo a nuestro pueblo. FÃjense en nuestro sistema polÃtico, con una participación del pueblo en las elecciones —repito— como no existe en ningún lugar del mundo. Por eso decimos que pueblo más justo, de más equidad, de más justicia social, de más democracia no hay, ni de más respeto al hombre, a su integridad, a sus derechos, a su seguridad, a su bienestar, a su felicidad. Por eso tenemos la moral tan alta para defender la Revolución, por eso somos capaces de librar batallas en tantos campos diferentes al mismo tiempo y de enfrentarnos, como nos enfrentamos, en este momento, a elecciones —repito—, a la zafra, a todas las tareas de la Revolución y al perÃodo especial, y con qué escasos recursos, compatriotas, ¡con qué escasos recursos! El recurso fundamental lo tenemos en el pueblo, en su voluntad, en su espÃritu de lucha, en su capacidad de sacrificio, en su inteligencia, en su capacidad de buscar soluciones a problemas, de inventar, de ser innovadores. No hay ningún lugar del mundo donde haya un movimiento de innovaciones e inventivas tan grande como hay en este momento en nuestro paÃs. Pronto tendrá lugar el foro de piezas de repuesto y tecnologÃas de avanzada, en el que creo que se presentan unas 60 000 soluciones, son cifras astronómicas. Cuántas inteligencias, cuántos hombres y mujeres llenos de amor por su patria, llenos de entusiasmo y de buena fe, en la búsqueda de soluciones a problemas agravados por el perÃodo especial. En las construcciones ustedes saben las dificultades. Estamos atravesando dificultades grandes con el combustible. Alrededor del 40% o más de los ingresos del paÃs hay que destinarlo a combustible y, además, con el resto tratar de adquirir todas las demás cosas: alimentos, medicamentos, materias primas y otras. Esa es la épica lucha en que nos hemos visto envueltos cuando estábamos haciendo tantas cosas, a gran parte de las cuales hemos tenido que renunciar transitoriamente, porque hay algo a lo que no hemos renunciado ni renunciaremos jamás: a la esperanza. A esa no hemos renunciado ni renunciaremos jamás y por eso luchamos, por nuestra convicción de que atravesaremos estos tiempos difÃciles y volveremos a crear capacidades para llevar adelante nuestro programa y continuar con la obra de la Revolución; pero ahora lo importante, lo fundamental es salvar la Revolución y salvar el socialismo en nuestro paÃs (APLAUSOS). Es por ello que nuestras poderosas fuerzas constructivas no se han desorganizado ni se han desintegrado. Las distintas fuerzas constructivas del MICONS y de los demás organismos, el contingente “Blas Roca”, la UNECA, los constructores del Poder Popular, las microbrigadas, los constructores de otros organismos, como los del MINAZ, no se han desintegrado, ni se han desorganizado, sino que organizadamente han pasado a otros frentes. Una gran parte de nuestros constructores, e incluso una parte de nuestros contingentes, pasaron a la agricultura organizadamente. No se ha disuelto un solo contingente, porque los necesitamos ahora en la agricultura y después donde hagan falta. Mantenemos organizadas nuestras fuerzas estén donde estén, y procuramos que estén allà donde puedan ser más útiles al paÃs en estos momentos en que nos falta combustible, piezas, recursos, materiales de construcción, muchas cosas. No se desorganizan ni podemos permitir que se desorganicen nuestras fuerzas. Otras continúan en la construcción —una parte—, en obras muy priorizadas, en obras fundamentales. Casi todas las obras sociales hemos tenido que suspenderlas y mantenemos las fuerzas constructivas en las obras fundamentales, en las obras priorizadas, como las aquà señaladas: obras como el turismo, obras de la industria biotecnológica y farmacéutica, obras del programa alimentario, tratando de distribuir los escasos recursos con que contamos en estos programas priorizados. Ustedes saben las dificultades con que se trabaja, ustedes saben bien las dificultades con que estamos trabajando en este momento. Las veces que nos ha faltado una pieza, o las veces que nos ha faltado el combustible, o las veces que nos ha faltado materiales en la construcción directamente o en la industria de materiales, y, sin embargo, vean cómo estamos haciendo cosas. Y podemos seguirlas haciendo y podemos hacer mejores cosas todavÃa en la misma medida en que perfeccionemos los mecanismos de organización y utilización de los recursos humanos y materiales disponibles; en la misma medida en que coordinemos estrechamente el esfuerzo del sector de la industria de materiales y el sector de las construcciones directas, y en que cada litro de combustible, cada pieza y cada recurso de que dispongamos lo situemos allà donde tiene que estar, para que ninguna de las obras priorizadas fundamentales para el avance, para la supervivencia, para la solución de los problemas fundamentales y para el desarrollo del paÃs se paren. Vean lo que podemos hacer. Aquà tenemos dos ejemplos: allá, al fondo, aquella bella industria de la biotecnologÃa y de la producción de medicamentos construida por el contingente “Ñico López”, en un tiempo récord (APLAUSOS); y aquÃ, al lado, otra obra que se está construyendo en un tiempo también récord, proyectada y prácticamente construida en apenas dos años, está terminándose ya. Ese es un magnÃfico ejemplo de lo que somos capaces de hacer en el perÃodo especial. He visitado estas obras, no hace mucho estuve en esta, ya al anochecer, y ahà han estado trabajando los hombres dÃa y noche ( Del público le preguntan que los hombres de qué lugar). De Granma una gran parte (RISAS Y APLAUSOS). Claro, me refiero al glorioso contingente Desembarco del “Granma”, constituido principalmente por compatriotas de la provincia de Granma (EXCLAMACIONES Y APLAUSOS); los vi trabajar, soy testigo de su esfuerzo, desde que tuvieron que reconstruir una casa y remodelarla para hacer una bella escuela con la cual sustituir otra que estaba en el área donde iban las construcciones hasta que en dÃas recientes los vi ya en tareas prácticamente de terminación, lo cual me ha permitido llegar a una opinión y tener un concepto muy alto de este colectivo de trabajadores, igual que del colectivo del contingente “Ñico López” (APLAUSOS), Nos alegra mucho hoy conmemorar este dÃa en las proximidades de estas obras, sin olvidar el esfuerzo realizado en otras, porque hay otras muchas obras iguales que estas, que están avanzando en esta área del polo cientÃfico y de la industria farmacéutica, igual que se hacen y se llevan a cabo obras importantes en todo el paÃs. Para citar un ejemplo oriental, voy a referirme a la presa del Cauto, terminada con grandes esfuerzos; a la fábrica de refinar aceite, que le ahorra al paÃs millones de dólares, construida en tiempo récord en la provincia de Santiago de Cuba, y a otras obras que se van terminando: a veces es una fábrica de hacer fish sticks, como les llaman —no tenemos otro nombre para llamarlos, son productos de la industria alimenticia a base de pescado—, o para producir salchichas o butifarras sin tripa, y otras obras. En ese tipo de construcciones, tenemos concentrado el esfuerzo: en obras del programa alimentario, del turismo, de la biotecnologÃa y la industria farmacéutica. Hay obras industriales importantes en las que estamos trabajando, como las del nÃquel y el acero; a veces son algunas obras sociales que es imprescindible terminar o viviendas, como las de la provincia de La Habana o en algunos sectores, donde resulta imposible hacer lo que se está haciendo sin construir viviendas. Al programa alimentario están asociadas determinadas cantidades de viviendas que hay que hacer. Es decir, no olvidamos las proezas que realizan nuestros constructores a lo largo y ancho del paÃs, allá en Varadero y en otros polos turÃsticos; allá en Villa Clara y otros polos cientÃficos, no las olvidamos, pero nos alegra estar aquà en presencia de dos ejemplos de cómo hay que trabajar en estos tiempos. Quién sabe cuánta salud y cuánto bienestar saldrán de esa obra de la biotecnologÃa y la industria farmacéutica que está al fondo; y aquà tenemos un centro de investigación electrónica, y no solo centro de investigación, sino centro de producción de equipos médicos de tecnologÃa avanzada. Durante años los compañeros del ICID trabajaron aquà en un grupo de casas. HabÃa un Proyecto elefantiásico por allá por el este de La Habana, era un proyecto soviético, pero la verdad es que nadie sabÃa cuándo se iba a terminar. Este proyecto hecho por cubanos tiene la tercera parte de los metros cuadrados, y va a investigar más y a producir más que lo que iba a investigar y a producir aquel con tres veces más inversiones. AquÃ, en el polo cientÃfico, será un orgullo más el contar pronto con esta obra; como dentro de algunos meses tendremos el centro de InmunologÃa Molecular o de Anticuerpos Monoclonales, como le llaman, otra magnÃfica obra (Del público le dicen que lo está construyendo el contingente VI Congreso). Los felicito. Más allá están las obras de la industria farmacéutica de formas terminadas, otro complejo de PPG, está también para allá —que se está terminando y ya están trabajando all× el IPK, la planta tres de Meningo; de la misma forma que en dÃas recientes ustedes mismos, los de Desembarco del “Granma”, terminaron el centro de Control y Registro de Medicamentos, también otros constructores —en este caso fueron los de CUBALSE— terminaron Virales, otra planta importante del Instituto “Finlay”, y asà observamos qué impetuosamente trabajan aquà los constructores en este polo cientÃfico. No he enumerado todas las obras, porque no quiero ser demasiado extenso. Produce una satisfacción especial ver lo que los cubanos podemos hacer en estos tiempos difÃciles, y nos preguntamos, ¿habrÃa otro pueblo en el mundo capaz de hacer lo que nosotros estamos haciendo, en las condiciones en que lo estamos haciendo? (EXCLAMACIONES DE: “¡No!”) De eso podemos estar absolutamente convencidos, y de eso podemos sentirnos orgullosos, de pertenecer a un pueblo como este, no importan los pusilánimes que puedan aparecer por ahÃ, las ratas que puedan aparecer por ahÃ. Siempre habrá pusilánimes, siempre habrá alguna rata, pero de esos ni nos acordamos, porque lo que vemos todos los dÃas es el ejemplo de ustedes, lo que son ustedes y lo que significan ustedes; y lo vemos no solo en los constructores aquà en esta área y en todas partes, lo vemos en los investigadores, en los racionalizadores e innovadores, y lo vemos en los cientÃficos, ¡lo vemos en los cientÃficos (APLAUSOS), en lo que están haciendo y cómo lo están haciendo. Cuántos de estos cientÃficos se trasladan kilómetros y kilómetros en bicicleta para ir y venir todos los dÃas a su trabajo, cientÃficos eminentes, ¿en qué paÃs del mundo se puede ver eso? Hace unos dÃas estábamos en el acto del hospital “Hermanos Ameijeiras”, con los trabajadores, en el DÃa de la Medicina Latinoamericana, y allà conversé con un médico eminentÃsimo, especialista en cirugÃa maxilofacial, y me dice muy contento que todos los dÃas —y es una eminencia— iba y venÃa de su casa al hospital en bicicleta, que le hacÃa bien y que era saludable aquello que estaba haciendo; pero yo me preguntaba, ¿en qué lugar del mundo nos encontramos una eminencia como esta, capaz de hacer eso? Solamente en este paÃs, solamente en nuestra Revolución y solamente en nuestro socialismo, tan puro y tan digno (APLAUSOS). Ya no hablo de los cientos de miles de obreros que se trasladan todos los dÃas, no estoy hablando de trabajadores intelectuales, estoy hablando de eminencias que en nuestro paÃs prestan, con toda la modestia del mundo y la mayor modestia del mundo, sus servicios. Ahora en estos tiempos, todos tenemos que hacer un esfuerzo especial, la dirección del gobierno, los ministerios, para optimizar los recursos que tenemos. Ahora, por ejemplo, es muy apretada la situación con los combustibles, en los que gastamos alrededor del 40% de nuestros ingresos de exportación, cuando hace falta combustible para todo el plan de siembra de frÃo, hace falta combustible para todo el plan de siembra de tabaco, para todo el programa de siembra de arroz, el programa de siembra de caña; hace falta combustible para la zafra que se inicia, hace falta combustible para las construcciones, hace falta combustible para el transporte, hace falta combustible para la electricidad, y algunos de ellos, como el diesel, porque nuestros camiones y equipos lo que usan es el diesel, fundamentalmente, hay que estarlos distribuyendo casi a cuentagotas en cada uno de los programas. Ello, sin embargo, no debe servir nunca de pretexto o de justificación para que dejemos de hacer lo que podemos hacer, aun con esa gran escasez de combustible (APLAUSOS). Ustedes han demostrado en estas obras lo que puede hacerse. De tal manera avanzamos que vamos liberando fuerzas. Uno de los problemas que me planteé fue: Bueno, qué nueva tarea les damos a estos constructores del ICID, que son fuertes, sobre todo, en construcción civil. Hay mucha fuerza concentrada en este polo de la ciencia, la biotecnologÃa y la industria farmacéutica. Dije: ¿Hay alguna obra donde quepa toda la fuerza que concluye su obra en el ICID? Y entonces me puse a meditar y me di cuenta de que cerca de aquÃ, sin que tengan que mudarse de campamento, hay un gran centro turÃstico en desarrollo, donde hay que construir cientos de habitaciones en forma de cabañas (EXCLAMACIONES Y APLAUSOS). Me dijeron: “Ya en enero o en febrero terminan el ICID.” Y yo dije: “A este colectivo de Desembarco del ‘Granma’ hay que darle una tarea”, no va a ser de inmediato en el campo de la ciencia o de la biotecnologÃa, pero es posible en un centro que debe producir muchos millones de dólares en divisa convertible para el paÃs cada año. Pueden ir hasta en bicicleta; pero, bueno, es tan corto el trayecto, está tan próximo que es mÃnimo el combustible para trasladarlos allà —no digo que lo hagan a pie, porque los necesitamos a ustedes a pie de obra, construyendo a toda velocidad las cabañas que hay que construir para tener listo eso. Allà hay una fuerza de la UNECA que va a seguir trabajando, puede ser que simultáneamente trabajen las dos fuerzas hasta que se abran nuevos frentes para la UNECA en la Ciudad de La Habana —la UNECA está construyendo obras del turismo—, pero inicialmente trabajarán las dos fuerzas allÃ. Si ellos tienen que trasladarse a remodelaciones, como las del Habana Libre o el Riviera, o a otras construcciones, tienen que concentrarse allÃ, porque tenemos que seguir el principio de que esas obras hay que terminarlas en tiempo récord para que empiecen a producir inmediatamente, en tanto hay que invertir capital allÃ, hay que invertir recursos en materiales, en equipos, en combustible, en todo, antes de que empiecen a producir. Si ustedes terminan una parte en “Marina Hemingway” y se empieza a utilizar, en un año estamos ya utilizándolo. Me parece que es una buena obra para mantener organizados y unidos a los constructores. No me gusta la dispersión de los constructores, aunque a veces no queda otro remedio que dispersarse —el contingente “Ñico López” ha tenido que trabajar en distintos lugares, puesto que no hay una sola obra que los pueda absorber a todos—; pero esta obra de que hablo puede absorber al contingente Desembarco del “Granma” completo, y la tenemos aquà cerquita, cerca del campamento donde se albergaron para hacer esta obra. Es muy importante recorrer el mÃnimo de distancia todos los dÃas para ir a trabajar. Al no haber otra obra de inmediato en que emplear toda esta fuerza y de más beneficio para la economÃa del paÃs, aquella es donde más racionalmente la podemos utilizar. Eso es lo que tenemos que hacer con todas las fuerzas. Para los obreros de la construcción en activo, que cada obra sea importante, que cada obra sea fundamental, sea cual sea el tipo de obra. No podemos darnos el lujo de invertir la energÃa, el tiempo, el combustible y los materiales en obras secundarias, sino en este tipo de obras. SÃ, sufrimos enormemente por todos los programas que hemos tenido que reducir muchÃsimo, sufrimos enormemente por todas las cosas que nos proponÃamos hacer, sobre todo para el bienestar directo de la población, como los programas de viviendas, que no podemos mantenerlos en este momento; pero nos satisface ver el fruto del trabajo de ustedes, nos satisface ver que están trabajando cada vez mejor y que son cada vez más eficientes. TodavÃa hay un enorme campo para la eficiencia, para la organización óptima del trabajo en las construcciones. Por experiencia de otros paÃses, vemos que todavÃa en materia de organización se puede hacer más y mejor, aun en medio de las dificultades de todos los dÃas y de las escaseces de todos los dÃas. Tenemos que apoderarnos de la mejor experiencia internacional en materia de construcciones, porque con el espÃritu de ustedes, la capacidad de trabajo de ustedes, el continuo progreso en los conocimientos de ustedes, unidos a una organización óptima en la construcción, podemos lograr lo que no logre nadie en materia de construcciones. Y si era muy importante el trabajo de los constructores, porque siempre he pensado que la construcción es la más básica de todas las ramas, puesto que sin construcción no hay industria, sin construcción no hay agricultura, sin construcción no hay desarrollo social, no hay termoeléctrica, no hay presas, no hay industria del nÃquel, no hay industria del acero, no hay escuelas, no hay hospitales, no hay viviendas, no hay nada, sin constructores no hay nada; y si la construcción era muy importante en épocas normales, la construcción es más importante todavÃa en el perÃodo especial, porque es un esfuerzo que va directo al pulmón, como se dirÃa popularmente, al pulmón de la economÃa y al pulmón de las necesidades más urgentes, más vitales de nuestro paÃs en estos instantes (APLAUSOS). Deben tener ustedes conciencia de eso, de la enorme importancia que tiene hoy, para salvar a la Revolución y salvar el socialismo, para salvar la patria, cada ladrillo, cada bloque que ustedes colocan, cada paletada de hormigón que ustedes emplean en las construcciones; la importancia que tiene cada minuto, cada segundo de su trabajo; la importancia de la calidad que tiene lo que están haciendo, y eso no lo habÃa mencionado: en materia de calidad, en las construcciones hemos progresado extraordinariamente en los últimos años. En las energÃas de ustedes, en el esfuerzo de ustedes descansa una parte muy importante del éxito y de la victoria en esta épica batalla que estamos librando. Hoy los constructores están en la primera trinchera, en la primera lÃnea de la salvación de la patria, y nos satisface, nos alegra y nos hace felices pensar que contamos con un ejército aguerrido y heroico de constructores, que son dignos seguidores de Armando Mestre, compañero del “Granma”, compañero de la Revolución, que ha seguido junto a nosotros en el espÃritu de ustedes todos estos años (APLAUSOS PROLONGADOS), ¡y por ello, con el más profundo reconocimiento, felicito hoy a esos heroicos soldados de la patria que son los constructores! ¡Socialismo o Muerte! ¡Patria o Muerte! ¡Venceremos! (OVACION) http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1992/esp/f051292e.html |
MONCADA LECTORES (blog) Obama, Venezuela and Cuba: The Same Policy Esteban Morales UNEAC A CubaNews translation. Edited by Walter Lippmann. http://www.walterlippmann.com/docs4319.html In actual fact, there is nothing inconsistent in the US stating its intention to restore relations with Cuba, while rolling out an aggressive escalation against Venezuela and going as far as declaring Venezuela an imminent threat to US national security. Both actions are part of the same policy, because Obama has not yet taken a strategic decision regarding US policy towards Cuba, only a tactical one. These are only different tactics to deploy the aggressive US policy. With Cuba he is willing to do it with the carrot, in the case of Venezuela, with the stick. Obama is trying to cater to several needs with his attitude toward Venezuela, which seems in contradiction with the position taken toward Cuba. -Obama is compelled to counter the internal right that opposes the new political agenda toward Cuba. -Obama is trying to win the hemisphere over into accepting both variants of his policy. And thus to affect the unity achieved in the case of Cuba, as in that of Venezuela. -Obama wants to take advantage of the popularity that his attitude toward Cuba has earned him, to drop it on Venezuela. -Obama is trying to escape the demand of the hemisphere that asked not only that he soften his attitude toward Cuba, but to finally come to terms with the island; and accept it as a definite reality, as the hemisphere has accepted it. -Obama does not yet accept that Cuba is here to stay. As with China which produced the “Ping pong war” with the policy of Nixon. -Obama wants to project an image of strength, which seems to be his favorite option to rebuild hemispheric relations. -Obama wants to maintain his strategy in the case of Cuba, so that this will also serve his strategic purposes with Latin America and the Caribbean. Obama overestimates his strength to overcome what a setback the loss of its formerly “safe backyard” would mean for the empire. In fact, he has already lost it. In the struggle now being waged Obama realizes that the losses would be strategic, because other powers playing as opponents, such as China and Russia, are moving quickly to build relationships in the hemisphere that the United States still believes it owns. However, not even Europe has gone along on the Venezuela issue. And on Cuba, Europe has its own strategy. Although it resembles strategic intentions of the United States a lot, Europe is trying to play to its own advantage, approaching the island with similar intentions, but looking at results that would not be for the United States. What has the US gained with its aggressive attitude toward Venezuela? Losing a war before starting to fight it. Because not even its allies in the hemisphere are willing to enroll in a battle against Venezuela: a battle which is already lost. Solidarity –one can say global—with Venezuela is working. The US Ambassador to the recent meeting of the OAS looked extremely ridiculous trying to say it had all been a misunderstanding; and practically pulling back the resolution against Venezuela. Rarely in history is a power like the United States seen making a fool of itself as Obama has with Venezuela. Still, there is a great benefit for all as a result of the aggression of the United States against Venezuela: First, it shows the strength of the changes that are occurring in the former “safe backyard”; second, it shows the inability of the current US foreign policy to meet its objectives. These are facts that may bring relief to some. But Obama still has the challenge –I would say historic– for his diplomacy, of proving whether actually it will be able to negotiate with Cuba on an equal footing and with respect for the sovereignty of the Island. We can predict that Obama should expect a real beating in the April Summit in Panama. Havana, March 21, 2015 |
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LA MISMA POLITICA: Obama, Venezuela y Cuba Esteban Morales UNEAC MONCADA En realidad no es nada incoherente que Estados Unidos haya declarado su intención de restablecer relaciones con Cuba y al mismo tiempo se vea enrolado en una escalada agresiva contra Venezuela. Al punto de declarar a esta última como una inminente amenaza para la seguridad nacional norteamericana. Ambas acciones forman parte de la misma polÃtica, porque aun Obama no ha tomado ninguna decisión estratégica respecto a la polÃtica hacia Cuba, sino solo táctica. Solo se trata de tácticas diferentes para desplegar la agresividad de la polÃtica norteamericana. Con Cuba está dispuesto a hacerlo con zanahoria, en el caso de Venezuela, con el garrote. Trata Obama de llenar varias necesidades con esa actitud hacia Venezuela, que parece una contradicción con la posición adoptada con Cuba -Obama se ve obligado a contrarrestar a la derecha interna que se opone a la nueva agenda de polÃtica hacia Cuba. -Obama trata de poner a prueba al hemisferio para que acepte ambas variantes de polÃtica. Y asà afectar la unidad lograda, tanto en el caso de Cuba, como en el de Venezuela. -Obama quiere aprovechar la popularidad que le ha granjeado su actitud hacia Cuba, para descargarla sobre Venezuela. -Obama trata de escapar a la solicitud del hemisferio, que le pidió, no solo suavizar su actitud hacia Cuba, sino terminar de entenderse con la Isla, aceptándola como una realidad definitiva, tal y como el hemisferio la ha aceptado. -Obama no acepta aun que Cuba llego para quedarse. Como la China que produjo la†Guerra del pim pom†con la polÃtica de Nixon. -Obama quiere aun dar imagen de fuerza, que parece ser su variante preferida para reconstruir sus relaciones hemisféricas. -Obama quiere mantener su estrategia en el caso de Cuba, para que esta también le sirva para sus propósitos estratégicos con América Latina y el Caribe. -Obama sobredimensiona su fuerza para superar el descalabro que significarÃa para el imperio la pérdida de su otrora “traspatio seguroâ€. Traspatio que de hecho ya ha perdido. En esa lucha que libra ahora, Obama se percata de que las perdidas serian estratégicas, porque otras potencias, que le hacen la contrapartida, como China y Rusia, se mueven con velocidad para entablar relaciones en el hemisferio, que Estados Unidos cree aun que le pertenece. Sin embargo, ni Europa le ha seguido la corriente con Venezuela. Y con Cuba, juega su propia estrategia. Que aunque se parece mucho a la intención estratégica de Estados Unidos con Cuba, trata de sacar su propio provecho, acercándose a la Isla con intenciones similares, pero buscando resultados que no serÃan para Estados Unidos. ¿Qué ha sacado Estados Unidos de la actitud agresiva hacia Venezuela? Perder una guerra antes de comenzar a librarla. Porque ni aun sus aliados, que el hemisferio tampoco le falta, están dispuestos a enrolarse dentro de una batalla, contra Venezuela, que de hecho ya está pérdida. La solidaridad, se puede decir, mundial hacia Venezuela, está funcionando y se vio sumamente ridÃculo el Embajador de Estados Unidos ante la reciente reunión de la OEA, tratando de decir que todo habÃa sido un mal entendido. Y prácticamente echando hacia atrás la resolución contra Venezuela. Pocas veces en la historia a una potencia como Estados Unidos se le ve haciendo el ridÃculo que ha hecho Obama con Venezuela. De todos modos, hay un gran provecho para todos como resultado de la agresividad asumida por Estados Unidos con Venezuela; pues, por un lado, prueba la fortaleza de los cambios que están ocurriendo en el antes “traspatio seguroâ€, mientras que al mismo tiempo, muestra la incapacidad que exhibe la actual polÃtica exterior norteamericana para cumplir sus objetivos. Algo con lo que muchos se pueden sentir aliviados. Pero aún le queda a Obama el desafÃo, yo dirÃa histórico, para su diplomacia, de si realmente será capaz de negociar con Cuba en igualdad de condiciones y con respeto para la soberanÃa de la Isla. Por lo que podemos augurar que a Obama le espera una verdadera paliza en la Cumbre de abril en Panamá. La Habana, 21 de marzo del 2015 http://moncadalectores.blogspot.com/2015/03/la-misma-politica-obama-venezuela-y-cuba.html |
Mission Miracle, the three-year old Venezuelan-Cuban anti-blindness program initially for Latin America and the Caribbean, has already restored the sight of about 700,000 people from 30 countries and aims to restore the sight of about 6,000,000 blind people in the region by 2015.
The services that Mission Miracle offers to its patients are free.
Mission Miracle has drawn quite of bit of attention from the revolutionary and progressive media. With only a handful of exceptions, the bourgeois media, both in Latin America and the USA, have largely ignored the astonishingly successful ophthalmologic program. Ironically, it is the extreme reactionary sector of the US bourgeois media that shows the most interest in the program.
One of the partial exceptions to this non-coverage or bigoted coverage of Mission Miracle in the bourgeois media is John Otis’ piece in the Houston chronicle, a moderate bourgeois newspaper, which gives a surprisingly factual account of the tremendous success of Mission Miracle with the customary or inescapable anti-socialist bias, mandatory in the capitalist press, largely held in the background of the story.
The Mission Miracle has, among others things, medical, political, and moral sides.
Medical side of Mission Miracle
According to the World Health Organization, there are more than 37 million people in the world who have lost their sight as a result of preventable causes; of these, more than a million and a half are children below the age of 16.
The prevalence of preventable blindness varies in relation to the level of economic development in each country. While in highly developed capitalist countries, blindness hovers at 0.25%. In poorly developed capitalist countries with insufficient health care services, this figure can reach 1% of the populace.
In Third World countries, which are mostly poorly developed capitalist countries, the main causes of blindness are cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, infectious diseases such as trachoma and onchocerciasis, and Vitamin A deficiencies. Other ophthalmologic diseases such as pterygium, ptosis and strabism are very frequent in both children and adults.
Since cataracts are the cause of more than 50% of preventable cases of blindness in the world, one must perform between 2000 and 4000 cataract operations for each million people annually if one wishes to gradually eradicate this disease.
Glaucoma causes 15% of the blindness in the world. Between 1 and 2% of the world population suffers from this disease, and these figures double in black populations. These cases require a high percentage of filter or trabeculoplasty laser surgery.
On July 5, 2004, the Cuban President Fidel Castro and Venezuelan President Hugo Ch�vez agreed to start Mission Miracle to aid patients with eye diseases, as a result of the complaints from many workers in the joint Venezuelan-Cuban literacy program in Venezuela about many of their students whom they were trying to teach to read but who couldn�t even see, according to John Otis� article in the Houston Chronicle.
In the early days of the program in 2004, Cuba mostly supplied the experts and Venezuela mostly the money for Mission Miracle, but today Venezuelan doctors, many educated at Cuban medical schools or at Venezuelan medical schools where Cuban doctors teach, are very much involved on the operational side of the program.
Now, three years later, in addition of flying hundreds of thousands of patients to Cuba and Venezuela for operations and treatment, Cuba has also constructed and donated 36 ophthalmologic centers which are already functioning in 8 countries in Latin American, the Caribbean and Africa (13 centers in Venezuela, 2 in Haiti, 12 in Bolivia, 2 in Guatemala, 2 in Ecuador, 1 in Honduras, 1 in Panama, 1 in Mali and 1 in Nicaragua [2 more are currently under construction in Nicaragua].) where, so far, 686,442 Latin American, African and Caribbean patients have already been operated on, as of June 13, 2007. More than 690 Cuban public health professionals are working in these ophthalmologic centers. These centers contain state-of-the-art equipment and supplies, most of which are manufactured in Cuba.
Another point on the medical side of Mission Miracle is that its incomparable success points to the existence of a medical and organizational infrastructure that can also be deployed to battle other diseases that plague humanity.
The elements of the infrastructure seem to be:
The magnificent performance of Mission Miracle which has bestowed sight on almost 700,000 people from 30Â different countries in only three years demonstrates unquestionably that all of the elements of this infrastructure — this cluster of technical, transportation, communication, organizational, physical, and financial resources — exists for a universal battle against preventable blindness and, perhaps, against pestilence and epidemics of other kinds, such as AIDS.
It is the demonstrable existence of this international and humanitarian infrastructure of the Venezuelans and Cubans that alarms or terrifies the US imperialists more than the beneficence or the good works of Mission Miracle.
It is possible that even the Cubans and Venezuelans, as yet, don�t appreciate what they have and the immensity of the good they have done for humanity.
Lamentably, most of us tend to judge the worth and the significance of things by the degree of coverage the thing gets in the bourgeois media.
The greatest obstacle to this proposed universal battle against international epidemics, which is something supremely moral, is the evil in high places in the USA that indomitably opposes such an operation. A “Mission Miracle” that battles AIDS, for example, is blocked by the unavailability of infrastructure item No. 8 or “the procurement or manufacture of the necessary supplies, especially the all-important drugs, the program requires.”
The US imperialists control most of the AIDS drugs. In 2006, almost four million people died from the lack of these drugs.
If you like � go ahead � make excuses for the US imperialists or continue to ignore the holocaust.
But while you make your excuses for or ignore the holocaust, keep in mind that over 40 million people are currently at risk. And the number is rising rapidly.
Political side of Mission Miracle
Although the US capitalist media love to play up, as a big propaganda show, isolated cases where somebody in the USA airlifts one or two patients from a poor country to the USA for operations and treatments, the truth is that neither the imperialist US regime, the US bourgeois media, US medical profession, US religious community, nor the US bourgeoisie is doing hardly anything about the millions and millions of cases of preventable blindness in the countries of Latin America and Caribbean, so-called neighbors of the USA.
Indeed, most of these US political and ideological forces don�t seem too concern about blindness in the USA, not to mention the Third World.
Today, the political struggle or politics in Latin America and Caribbean is not, for the most part, over whether the state is a democracy or a dictatorship; the struggle, for the most
part, is over whether the democracy is bourgeois or proletarian.
In a concrete way, Mission Miracle strengthens the argument that proletarian democracies are politically and morally superior to bourgeois democracy.
The form of the state — that is, how power is exercised — may be identical is both proletarian and bourgeois democracies. But the content of the state — that is, what social class chiefly exercises power and for what class power is chiefly exercised — is very different between proletarian and bourgeois democracies.
Mission Miracle is a specific exercise of power by two democratic states � the Cuban and Venezuelan governments � with chiefly proletarian content. It is an exercise of power aimed chiefly for the benefit of working and poor peoples of all of Latin America and the Caribbean.
[Bourgeois ideologists deny that both Cuba and Venezuela are democracies of any kind � bourgeois or proletarian. In the case of Cuba, their denial of its democracy rests mainly on the Cuban preference for multi-candidate elections rather multi-party elections and the alleged lack of the so-called “free press,” meaning essentially, journalistic space for each sector of the bourgeoisie — that is, liberal, centrist, and reactionary — to own and dominate a sector of the mass media independent of government control. Since any Cuban citizen, whatever his or her party or ideological identity can run for public office in Cuba and the Communist Party doesn’t campaign for any candidate, multi-candidate elections may be at par with multi-party elections. Cuba certainly doesn’t have a “free press” as bourgeois ideologists define it, but the Cuban press seems more truthful than the bourgeois media and that should count for something. Truth disables the bourgeois media which must be free to lie (the norm) or report factually. The arguments of bourgeois ideologists against the authenticity of Venezuelan democracy are of course transparent lies.]
Most democracies in Latin America and the Caribbean are definitely bourgeois democracies, but Mission Miracle springs from two proletarian democracies � or almost proletarian in the case of Venezuela. In Cuba, about 97 percent of the government officials are workers. In Venezuela, a growing and powerful minority of the state officers are workers. That Mission Miracle springs from these two countries is not an accident.
So, Mission Miracle makes the point, in a concrete way, to its almost 700,000 patients from 30 countries who got their sight back and to the millions of relatives and friends of these 700,000 patients that states in which workers chiefly exercise power and exercise it chiefly for the workers and for the poor are better than states in which the bourgeoisie chiefly exercise power and exercise power exclusively for the benefit of bourgeoisie and foreign imperialists.Â
The 700,000 patients and their millions of relatives and friends will have to figure out in future elections in the 30 or so democracies in Latin America and the Caribbean which candidates, if any, are class conscious workers and will exercise power chiefly in the interests of the workers and the poor.
To be sure, Fidel and Hugo Chavez are clever dudes.
Evil � that is, to know, like, and do wrong � is always a bad thing, but it is really bad when it has power. In the USA, it has power.
Conversely, good is always good, but it is really good when it has power. In Cuba and Venezuela, it has power.
The moral side of the Miracle
One of the moral points related to Mission Miracle is that the program repudiates the vile mercantile concept of the medical profession as a mean vendor of medical services as if these services were ordinary commodities bought and sold in the so-called “free market” with prices fixed by supply and demand. In neo-liberal or laissez faire capitalism, if a person can’t afford the medical service, then he does without. In this case, he does without sight. The idea that human beings are entitled to medical services independent of their financial status is the gist of the concept of “socialized medicine” that Mission Miracle concretely expresses.
“The bourgeoisie has stripped of its halo every occupation hitherto honored and looked up to with reverent awe. It has converted the physician, the lawyer, the priest, the poet, the man of science, into its paid wage-laborers,” wrote Marx and Engels in the Manifesto of the Communist Party.
For the most part, middle class and bourgeois physicians are today eager converts to wage-laborers. Increasingly, the bourgeoisie substitutes horns for the former halo that hovered over heads of its physicians. Rather than reverent awe, many patients in bourgeois society are shocked and appalled by the hustler mentality they find in their doctors. Although many physicians are today only paid wage-laborers, bossed around like peons or dish-washers by insurance companies, HMOs, drug companies, and the bean-counters from the business offices of their hospitals, these physicians � getting at least $4,000 a week in the USA � are highly paid wage-laborers.
Mission Miracle helps to restore the dignity or the halo to the practice of medicine.
Upon seeing good being done in the world by their foes or by anybody else, the US imperialists, their regime, and the reactionary sector of the US people are all furious. They are especially displeased with Honduras and Guatemala, close allies of US imperialism, for participating in Miracle.
In the May 2004 Report of the US Commission for Assistance to a Free Cuba, a document in which the US imperialist regime outlines its plot to pull off a counter-revolution in Cuba , Mission Miracle wasn�t mentioned because it didn�t then exist. This May 2004 Report only said that “Reports from Venezuela also indicate that Cuban doctors are engaging in overt political activities to boost Chavez�s popularity.” No doubt, these “overt political activities” in which Cuban doctors were allegedly engaged was the competent practice of medicine. Two years later, after the wondrous success of Mission Miracle was widely acknowledged by millions of people in Latin America and Caribbean whose kin and friends had their vision restored in Cuba or in Venezuela or by the Cuban doctors in patient�s own country, the eyes of US imperialism were glued to the program. So, the July 2006 Report of the US Commission for Assistance to a Free Cuba Report, which updates the imperialist plot against the people of Cuba, recommends that the dictatorship in Washington stop US companies from exporting to Cuba any equipment and supplies to health institutions in Cuba which treat foreign patients or to Cuban programs that care for foreign patients in the patient�s own country. Both proposals violate a 2001 US law that exempts food and medicine from the US economic blockade of Cuba. On July 10, 2006, Bush signed this July 2006 Report, effectively making Report the foreign policy of the US regime toward Cuba.
The US dictatorship lobbies and bribes foreign medical associations and foreign health authorities not to let Cuban doctors practice in their countries and not to let citizens of their own country educated in Cuban medical schools practice in their own country. In April 2007, Mr. George W. Bush publicly scrolled Haitian President Rene Preval for the ties between Haiti and Cuba/Venezuela. Mission Miracle is one of the most important of these ties. In June 2007, Mr. Bush lectured the heads of government of 14 Caribbean states about their ties with Cuba and Venezuela. Some of these Caribbean leaders were not amused by the arrogance and conceit of this alleged devil who illegally and unconstitutionally occupies the White House.
So, the US regime which does next to nothing for the blind of Latin America and the Caribbean ties to stab in the back the Cubans and Venezuelans who giving or restoring sight to hundred of thousands of people.
This is evil that befits the devil.
But it is unfair to blame Mr. Bush for all of this evil, for this evil also attaches to the regime over which Mr. Bush presides and clings to the people the regime represents.
Since Mr. Bush has never been elected president of the United States, neither he nor his regime
constitutionally represents anybody. His regime is a dictatorship.
Apart from constitutional illegitimacy, Mr. Bush enjoys the political support of US reactionaries, known as the “GOPs,” about a third of the US people and electorate. The rest of the US people, the independents and the liberals, understandably seem to despise Mr. Bush.
Thus, the Miracle hints at the moral make-up of the US regime and the people regime represents as well as the moral make-up of the Cuban and Venezuelan regimes and the people the two regimes represent.
How do people in the United States view Mission Miracle?
For the most part, the liberals, about a third of the US people and electorate, have never heard of the Miracle, but if they were ever to hear about it, the Miracle will please them and they will likely do what they can do to stop Mr. Bush from destroying the Miracle. To the liberals, the Miracle is good, something of an oasis in the desert.
Similarly, the independents, who are also about a third of the US people and electorate, haven�t for the most part heard about the Miracle. But they differ from the liberals. The independents will feel no different if they knew about the Miracle than before they knew. They will do nothing after they know that they weren�t doing before they knew. They will not stop doing anything after they know that they were doing before they knew. To the independents among the US people and electorate, the Miracle is irrelevant — that is, it doesn�t put anything in their pockets nor takes skin off of their backs.
Of the three sectors of the US people and electorate — liberals, independents, and reactionaries — the reactionaries in the USA know the most about the Miracle. But evil thrills US reactionaries and they want very much to see more evil; so, these reactionaries are adverse to the Miracle. Those who know about the Miracle want it stopped. Those who don�t know about it would be distressed if they did. Over the last year or so, political support for Mr. Bush, the infamous GOP leader, has fallen from about 33 percent to somewhere like 24 percent. This 9-point drop doesn�t imply a shrinkage of the reactionary sector of the US people and electorate, because many GOPs are dismayed or disappointed with Mr. Bush because he is not MORE evil in Iraq, with AIDS, poverty, blindness, homelessness (like the one million children who live on US streets), etc.
Therefore, there is good reason, in the USA, for our high hopes in both the electoral and legislative struggles ahead, because about two-thirds of the US people and electorate are not evil.
Still, about a third is � and very much so.
If liberals, progressives and revolutionaries fail to find some way to check the evil that resides in high places in the USA, Mission Miracle and its future extensions and expressions may never reach their desperately-needed potentials.
As for the moral make-up of the Venezuelans and Cubans from what we can divine about it from the Miracle, let�s just say that nothing more dramatically describes and distinguishes the fundamental differences in politics and morality between, on the one hand, the proletarian ruling class of Cuba and increasingly a similar class in Venezuela and, on the other hand, the smug bourgeois ruling class of the USA than the stark contrast between Mission Miracle which has, in three years, miraculously bestowed sight to almost 700,000 people from 30 countries while the US imperialist aggression and occupation of Iraq has, in four years, occasioned the lost of over 700,000 Iraqi lives.
� Copyright 2007 by AxisofLogic.com
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This interview conducted in Matanzas, Cuba. Part Two will follow in next week’s issue of BAR.
I met Manolo De Los Santos during a recent trip to Cuba organized by Code Pink, a grassroots peace and social justice movement working to end US funded wars and occupations. The interview took place in the coastal city of Matanzas, one of the sites of the 16th century Euro-American Human Trafficking Trade (termed by European traders and historians as the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade) at the Matanzas Evangelical Theological Seminary.
Manolo was born in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. His family moved to the South Bronx, New York when he was five years old. He first visited Cuba in 2006 with the organization, Pastors for Peace. Pastors for Peace is a project of the Interreligious Foundation for Community Organization (IFCO.) IFCO’s mission is to support the disenfranchised to fight human and civil rights injustices and to end US aggressive policies towards Cuba. The organization seeks to promote peace between the peoples of the US and Cuba. Manolo’s focus at the Matanzas Evangelical Seminary is the study of liberation theology.
This interview takes place during the historic negotiations between to re-establish diplomatic relations between the US and Cuba.
Marsha Coleman-Adebayo: Americans have heard about the negotiations between the US and Cuba regarding the US Embargo. From your perspective, what are the politics of the embargo and do you think there is a chance for a successful completion?
Manolo De Los Santo: The politics of the embargo or blockage as the people of Cuba refer to it, is perfectly stated in 1961 by the US government; the blockade is a policy to deprive and to starve the Cuban people into submission so that they will overthrow their own government. So, (the US government) has sought through all means to make sure that Cubans do not have complete access to different material goods, everything as basic as medicines, food, technology that would allow Cuba to continue to develop itself in other ways.
Marsha Coleman-Adebayo: What do you do in Cuba?
Manolo De Los Santo: I’m here in Cuba, first of all studying. I’m a student of theology at the Evangelical Seminary in Matanzas. I am also here as a staff person for IFCO (Interreligious Foundation for Community Organization) Pastors for Peace working as a liaison between IFCO and the US medical students studying at the Latin American School of Medicine, which has been an amazing opportunity for hundreds of young people from the US, from communities of color, poor communities, to actually be able to study medicine for free here in Cuba.
Marsha Coleman-Adebayo: Is Cuba, at this point, even more than perhaps Nicaragua, the front line state against US imperialism and, if that’s true, what does that mean to you?
Manolo De Los Santo: For a long time, Cuba was the front line. It was the sole country, in many ways, challenging US hegemony in Latin America and around the world. But, I think that times have changed precisely because of Cuba’s role. Now we see in Latin America many progressive governments that try to uplift their own people, like what Cuba has done, for the last 55 years. [These governments] are making sure that health care is recognized as a human right, that the right to eat every day is a human right, that education is a human right so times have changed since 1959 (the date of the Cuban revolution) thanks to Cuba’s role in the world.
Marsha Coleman-Adebayo: One of the things that I have been so pleased to see in Cuba is the number of people that I would identify, from a US perspective as Black or African. We have a progressive government about 90 miles from the coast of Florida. How can African-Americans contribute to the promotion and protection of Cuba?
Manolo De Los Santo: Cuba has secured these rights for black people, however… there is still much work to do. We have a responsibility, as people of color worldwide to defend all of the advances that Cuba has made. Cuba is a country that has stuck its neck out for Black liberation struggles around the world, not to mention the liberation struggles in Angola and many of countries and the strong role Cuba played in the liberation of South Africa in freeing Nelson Mandela. One must acknowledge what is currently happening, that Cuba was the first country to step up to fight the Ebola virus. When most countries, only committed money (and we don’t know where this money goes), Cuba actually put up the lives of its doctors to stop the virus. It’s amazing how Cuba has offered scholarships to young black people from all over the African continent and all across the America’s to come study here and become professionals. For example, Cuba has educated more Blacks from Honduras than were educated in their own country. This is an example of the support and strong interest Cuba has in the upliftment of African people across the world.
Marsha Coleman-Adebayo: Can you give us some examples of the impact of the US Embargo against Cuba and its people. Has the US embargo been effective?
Manolo De Los Santo: The typical answer would be that Cuba has lost millions in trade due to the blockage but I like to think about how concretely the blockade has affected the lives of the people. For example, children who suffer from cancer who are receiving chemo-therapy here in Cuba can not always receive the medicines to relieve them of the pain caused by the chemo-therapy because that medicine is made in the US. There is medicine for Alzheimer’s patients that can not be bought by Cuba because the medicine is produced in the US. Day to day life is limited because of this prohibition of trade with the United States. Thereby forcing Cuba to seek these products in markets that are farther and more expensive than the United States.
Part II of this interview will explore American human rights violations against the people of Cuba. For more information and provide donations to Pastors for Peace (IFCO,) please see: http://ifconews.org [2].
Links:
[1] http://blackagendareport.com/category/americas/cuba
[2] http://ifconews.org
[3] http://www.handsupcoalitiondc.com
[4] mailto:MarshaCAdebayo@blackagendareport.com
[5] http://www.marshacoleman-adebayo.com
[6] http://www.addtoany.com/share_save?linkurl=http%3A%2F%2Fblackagendareport.com%2Fnode%2F14688&linkname=End%20the%20US%20Blockade%20of%20Cuba%20and%20Military%20Occupation%20of%20Guantanamo%20Bay%21%20An%20Interview%20with%20Manolo%20De%20Los%20Santos