Category: Health Care
Cuba is first to earn WHO seal for ending mother-baby HIV transmission
| July 7, 2015 | 8:38 pm | Cuba, Health Care | Comments closed

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A woman has HIV. She becomes pregnant. What are the chances that she can deliver a baby who is not infected?
In some countries, like Yemen, for example, only 11 percent of pregnant women with HIV receive treatment to prevent their babies from being infected. For women who aren’t part of that fortunate group, the chance of passing HIV to their infant is as high as 45 percent.
But in Cuba, the chances are now practically nil. On June 30, Cuba became the first country to receive what can be seen as a global seal of approval — the World Health Organization validation — for essentially eliminating transmission of AIDS from a mother to her baby. (Cuba has eliminated transmission of syphilis as well.)
That doesn’t mean Cuba is on a pedestal all by itself. By 2014, more than 40 countries were testing and treating more than 95 percent of pregnant women; some places, including Anguilla, Barbados, Canada, Montserrat, Puerto Rico and the United States, have likely hit the mark as well. But Cuba is the first to go through the WHO monitoring program, which requires data on transmission for at least two years and an on-site visit by WHO members examining care in all parts of the country, including remote, impoverished and underserved areas.
Here’s how Cuba did it.
When a Cuban woman becomes pregnant, odds are extremely high she already knows whether she is infected with HIV. She was likely diagnosed at a family clinic near her home, and then referred to a policlinico, or a clinic with a higher level of specialized services, to monitor and treat her HIV, according to Sonja Caffe, regional adviser on HIV and the Pan American Health Organization, the WHO regional office for the Americas.
If she is infected with HIV, when she becomes pregnant, she begins oral antiretroviral treatment, shown to prevent transmission to her newborn in 98 percent of cases.
At about 38 weeks into her pregnancy, if she agrees, she gives birth by cesarean section, which has been shown to reduce transmission of the disease through the birth canal. To further protect the baby from the virus, she is counseled not to breastfeed her child and the child is given antiretroviral treatment for four to six weeks.
The regimen, developed beginning in 1991 by the National Institutes of Health and the French National Institute for AIDS Research, can reduce the chances that the baby will be infected with HIV to less than 2 percent. And it’s now being used by health services around the world. But Cuba became the first country in the world to receive WHO validation.
“I think the rest of the world can learn from the way the system is designed in Cuba,” says Caffe. “In Cuba, the health services are very close to the people. There is universal coverage, and the services are free. They don’t simply invest in hospitals. There is a philosophy of bringing health care to the people in the community.”
The same system of care in Cuba helped to improve the population’s health in other ways. “When you have a robust primary care system, you get other good results, like low infant mortality,” says Caffe. And eliminating the transmission of syphilis from mother to child. About a million pregnant women in the world are infected with syphilis, which can cause miscarriage, stillbirth and serious complications in infants. Syphilis transmission to babies can be eliminated by screening and simple treatment, with penicillin, for example.
This maternity home in Havana provides residential care for pregnant women with medical or social issues.
This maternity home in Havana provides residential care for pregnant women with medical or social issues.
In the United States, the rate of transmission of HIV through pregnancy and childbirth is below the 2 percent mark set as the WHO standard. But the U.S. has underserved pockets of health care in both rural areas and inner cities. “We visit municipalities, regions and specific sites within a country,” says Caffe. The team looks at many areas of the country, including the lowest-performing health centers, to see if, even in those areas, good preventive care is provided. “In Cuba, it was difficult to identify the lowest coverage areas because it has very high coverage of preventive services in all areas,” she says.
That’s not so true in the U.S., where rates of HIV transmission to infants are higher in poor, minority and underserved areas. “On a national level, the United States has already achieved the elimination target,” says Caffe. “But a criteria for validation is that it be met in an equal manner, even in subgroups of the lowest performing areas.” In 2009 in the U.S., 162 babies were born infected with HIV — far below the elimination standard, even for poor and minority patients. But while whites had a mother-to-child AIDS transmission rate of 0.1 per 100,000, and Hispanics a rate of 1.7 per 100,000, the rate among African-Americans was 9.9 per 100,000.
As for the total picture worldwide, there were 240,000 babies born with the infection in 2013, down from 400,000 in 2009. WHO’s goal is 40,000 a year, so countries still have a long way to go.
Africa: AIDS Struggle Continues
| June 22, 2015 | 12:44 pm | Africa, Health Care | Comments closed

AfricaFocus Bulletin
June 22, 2015 (150622)
(Reposted from sources cited below)

Editor’s Note

“Both globally and in Africa, there is good news. Our collective
efforts to end the AIDS epidemic are paying off. Now more people
living with HIV than ever before are accessing treatment, more
people know their status, and AIDS-related deaths are declining. …
This progress, however, belies a dangerous reality: young African
women and adolescent girls are especially vulnerable to HIV.” –
UNAIDS, June 2015

For a version of this Bulletin in html format, more suitable for
printing, go to http://www.africafocus.org/docs15/hiv1506.php, and
click on “format for print or mobile.”

To share this on Facebook, click on
https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=http://www.africafocus.org/docs15/hiv1506.php

Progress in scientific research and in treatment for HIV/AIDS
continues, with the most notable recent advance being the START
(Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment) results released in
May (http://tinyurl.com/on9gsm4). This international study funded by
the U.S. National Institute of Health showed that introducing
treatment at the time of diagnosis instead of waiting until further
damage to the immune system increases rates of survival by over 50%.
Yet this news also highlights the gap between what is now possible
and the results achieved (see latest data at
http://tinyurl.com/nrexvjc).

A new UNAIDS report released this month, and excerpted below in this
AfricaFocus Bulletin, makes it clear that those most vulnerable to
the decades-long pandemic continue to be young women and adolescent
girls in Africa. The response, the report stresses, must include not
only providing additional resources for all aspects of the fight
against HIV/AIDS but also addressing fundamental issues of gender
inequality.

For talking points and previous AfricaFocus Bulletins on health
issues, visit http://www.africafocus.org/intro-health.php

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Ebola Perspectives – Update

“The Other Ebola Battle: Fair Pay for Local Health Workers,” June 2,
2105
http://tinyurl.com/o2yvf2j

“Ebola Cases Rise Again in West Africa,” June 10, 2015
http://tinyurl.com/qcjfedr

“Turn on the taps to defeat the next Ebola,” June 15, 2015
http://tinyurl.com/nhonhk2

++++++++++++++++++++++end editor’s note+++++++++++++++++

Empower Young Women and Adolescent Girls: Fast-Tracking the end Of
the Aids Epidemic in Africa

UNAIDS

June 2015

[Excerpts only. Full formatted report, with references and graphs,
available at
http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2015/JC2746]

Foreword

Four decades into the HIV epidemic and response, we have made
encouraging progress. More people living with HIV than ever before
are accessing life-saving treatment; the number of deaths from AIDS-
related causes has declined; fewer babies are becoming infected with
HIV; and new HIV infections have fallen. Africa’s leadership
commitments, the tireless efforts of civil society–including the
women’s movement and networks of women living with HIV–combined
with scientific innovation and global solidarity have helped to
achieve these great strides. The response will be strengthened
further by the commitment from Africa’s leadership to end the AIDS
epidemic by 2030, while promoting shared responsibility and unity.

Yet, despite this progress, adolescent girls and young women are
still being left behind and denied their full rights. They are often
unable to enjoy the benefits of secondary education and formal paid
employment under decent conditions, which would allow them to build
skills, assets and resilience. The threat of violence is pervasive
— and not only in conflict and post-conflict situations. Many girls
are married as children and assume adult roles of motherhood.
Adolescent girls and young women are often prevented from seeking
services and making decisions about their own health. This
combination of factors drives both their risk of acquiring HIV and
their vulnerability to HIV. The impact of HIV on young women and
adolescent girls is acute: they account for one in five new HIV
infections in Africa and are almost three times as likely as their
male peers to be living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.

The variables and risks associated with sexual and reproductive
health and HIV among adolescent girls and young women are tied to
gender inequalities that are intricately woven into the
sociocultural, economic and political fabric of society. Unleashing
the potential of half the population of this region and tapping into
the power of the largest youth populace in history will promote both
sustainable progress in the HIV response and wider development
outcomes.

In the words of Archbishop Desmond Tutu: “If we are to see any real
development in the world, then our best investment is women.” This
holds true for the AIDS response, which needs greater attention,
reaffirmed commitment and resourced action to ensure the health,
rights and well-being of adolescent girls and young women throughout
their life-cycle. The solutions engage all sectors of society and
must embrace innovation.

The key message of advancing women’s rights and gender equality in
order to fast-track the end of the AIDS epidemic among adolescent
girls and young women outlined in this report is an important
contribution to the 2015 African Union theme “Year of women’s
empowerment and development towards Africa’s agenda 2063”. This will
guide our blueprint for future action.

As the African community and the global community stand at the dawn
of a new era of sustainable development, let us reaffirm our
commitment to empowering girls and young women. A firm foundation of
social justice, human rights and gender equality will make the AIDS
response formidable and the end of the AIDS epidemic possible.

Michel Sidibé, Executive Director, UNAIDS

Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Chair, African Union Commission

**************************************************************

Introduction

With the platform provided by the post-2015 sustainable development
goals, and leveraging the successes of the AIDS response so far,
Africa has a historic opportunity to end the AIDS epidemic as a
public health threat by 2030.

This requires adapting to the dynamism and opportunities of the
continent and reaching people most vulnerable to HIV including young
women and adolescent girls. It also requires taking action to target
the root causes of vulnerability. The magnitude of young women’s and
adolescent girls’ vulnerability to HIV cannot be explained by
biology alone but lies in pervasive conditions of gender inequality
and power imbalances as well as high levels of intimate partner
violence.

Since the 1995 adoption of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for
Action, the reality for most women and girls worldwide, including in
Africa, is that the pace of change has been unacceptably slow. Women
and girls are subject to multiple and intersecting forms of
discrimination. These inequalities are even more acute for
marginalized women, such as women with disabilities, migrant women,
female sex workers and transgender women, who are also at heightened
risk of discrimination and violence (1). There also remain other
large disparities, such as fewer than one in three girls in sub-
Saharan Africa being enrolled in secondary school, women having
unequal access to economic opportunities, and women lacking
decision-making power in the home and wider society (2, 3).

Within the context of HIV, this manifests in different ways. Young
women and adolescent girls acquire HIV five to seven years earlier
than young men, and in some countries HIV prevalence among young
women and adolescent girls is as much as seven times that of their
male counterparts(11, 54). Despite the availability of
antiretroviral medicines, AIDS-related illnesses remain the leading
cause of death among girls and women of reproductive age in Africa
(4).

Many of these young women and girls are born and raised in
communities where they are not treated as equal. Many cannot reduce
their vulnerability to HIV because they are not permitted to make
decisions on their own health care. They cannot reduce their
vulnerability because they cannot choose at what age or who to
marry, when to have sex, how to protect themselves or how many
children to have.

The impacts of gender inequality are far-reaching. Gender equality
matters intrinsically because the ability to make choices that
affect a person’s own life is a basic human right and should be
equal for everyone, independent of whether person is male or female.
But gender equality also matters instrumentally because it
contributes to economies and key development outcomes (3).

To be effective, any health and development agenda needs to focus on
the root causes of the gender gap, and the AIDS response is no
different. But there is also good news on which to build. In the
past 20 years the gender gap has closed in many areas with the most
noticeable progress made in primary school enrolment and completion,
in almost all countries. In addition, life expectancy of women in
low-income countries is now 20 years longer on average than in 1960,
and over the past 30 years women’s participation in paid work has
risen in most parts of the developing world (3).

There is also significant political commitment from Africa to gender
equality and women’s empowerment, with specific goals and targets
for the response to HIV and sexual and reproductive health and
rights. African leaders have enshrined the priorities of gender
equality and rights in (among others) the African Union Agenda 2063;
the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on
the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Declaration 2003); the Solemn
Declaration on Gender Equality in Africa (2004); the Sexual and
Reproductive Health Strategy for the Southern African Development
Community Region (2006-2015); the 2013 Ministerial Commitment on
Comprehensive Sexuality Education and Sexual and Reproductive Health
and Rights in Eastern and Southern Africa; the Arab Strategic
Framework on HIV and AIDS (2013-2015): and the Arab AIDS Initiative
2012; the Addis Ababa Declaration on Population and Development in
Africa Beyond 2014; and the 2013 Declaration of the Special Summit
of the African Union on HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.

The depth and breadth of this political platform and the potential
for action to transform the lives of young women and adolescent
girls in Africa cannot be underestimated.

The Aids Response in Africa: Young Women and Adolescent Girls Left
Behind

Both globally and in Africa, there is good news. Our collective
efforts to end the AIDS epidemic are paying off. Now more people
living with HIV than ever before are accessing treatment, more
people know their status, and AIDS-related deaths are declining. New
HIV infections among young people aged 15-24 years are also
declining (460 000 new infections in 2013 compared with almost 715
000 new infections a decade earlier) (55). This progress, however,
belies a dangerous reality: young African women and adolescent girls
are especially vulnerable to HIV.

Globally in 2013, 15% of the approximately 16 million women aged 15
years and older living with HIV were young women; of these over 80%
live in sub-Saharan Africa (55).

Despite declining HIV infection rates, in 2013 globally, there were
approximately 250 000 new HIV infections among adolescent boys and
girls, 64% of which are among adolescent girls (Figs 2 and 3). In
Africa, 74% of new infections among adolescents were among
adolescent girls (55). In addition, AIDS-related illnesses are the
leading cause of death among adolescent girls and women of
reproductive age in Africa, despite the availability of treatment
(4).

Furthermore, young women and adolescent girls are missing out on the
scale-up of antiretroviral treatment access for people living with
HIV. Only 15% of young women and adolescent girls aged 15-24 years
in sub-Saharan Africa know their HIV status (6). In the Middle East
and North Africa, only one in five people living with HIV has access
to treatment (55).

Young women and adolescent girls from socially marginalized groups
are at increased risk of HIV because they face multiple challenges.
Stigma, discrimination, punitive laws and a lack of social
protection increase the risk of HIV, notably for young female sex
workers, young transgender women, young migrants and young women who
use drugs (7). In Kenya, HIV prevalence among female sex workers in
Nairobi is 29% — approximately three times the HIV prevalence among
other women in Nairobi (8).

Eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV and keeping mothers
alive

Progress to eliminate new HIV infections among children and keeping
their mothers alive has been one of the most impressive achievements
of the AIDS response to date. In 2013, for the first time since the
1990s, the number of new HIV infections among children in the 21
Global Plan 1 priority countries in sub-Saharan Africa dropped to
under 200 000. This represents a 43% decline in the number of new
HIV infections among children in these countries since 2009 (58).

Despite successes, progress among young women and adolescent mothers
has been slow with many challenges. The average adolescent birth
rate in Africa is 115 per 1000 girls, more than double the global
average of 49 per 1000 girls (6). In western and central Africa, 28%
of women aged 20-24 years have reported a birth before the age of 18
years, the highest percentage among developing regions. In Chad,
Guinea, Mali, Mozambique and Niger, 1 in 10 girls has a child before
the age of 15 years (9). In sub-Saharan Africa, an estimated 36 000
women and girls die each year from unsafe abortions, and millions
more suffer long-term illness or disability (9).

Many young women who marry or enter into partnerships early do not
have the knowledge or the personal agency that enables them to
protect themselves from HIV — for example, they cannot negotiate
when to have sex or to use condoms.

A core strategy to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV is
to prevent pregnancy in young women and adolescent girls who do not
want to have a child at that time. According to the United Nations
Population Fund, 33 million women aged 15-24 years worldwide have an
unmet need for contraception, with substantial regional variations.
For married girls aged 15-19 years, the figures for an unmet need
for contraception range from 8.6% in the Middle East and North
Africa to 30.5% (one in three married girls) in western and central
Africa (10). Among unmarried sexually active adolescent girls, the
unmet need for contraception in sub-Saharan Africa is 46-49%; there
are no data for North Africa (10).

According to 2013 data, in sub-Saharan Africa, only eight male
condoms were available per year for each sexually active individual.
Among young people, and particularly among young women, condom
access and use remain low, despite offering dual protection against
HIV and unwanted pregnancy (11). Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 44%
of all unsafe abortions among adolescent girls aged 15-19 years in
low- and middle- income countries (excluding east Asia) (9).

Governments in Africa have already made important commitments in
this area that can be leveraged. Among the strongest is the 2013
Ministerial Commitment for Comprehensive Sexuality Education and
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Eastern and Southern
Africa. This commitment includes action to “reduce early and
unintended pregnancies among young people by 75%”(12).

Providing access to comprehensive sexuality education, keeping girls
in school and implementing social protection programmes such as cash
transfer programmes have all proven effective in reducing new
infections among young women and adolescent girls.

Stopping child marriage and early pregnancy is also central to
success. Across Africa, 41% of girls in western and central Africa,
34% of girls in eastern and southern Africa and 12% of girls in the
Arab states are married as children (13). Child marriage has been
associated with higher exposure to intimate partner violence and
commercial sexual exploitation (13). Child marriage is a form of
violence.

Intimate partner violence and the association with HIV

Over the past decade strong evidence has emerged on the relationship
between intimate partner violence and HIV. There is equally strong
evidence for and recognition of successful community strategies to
prevent intimate partner violence and vulnerability to HIV (16, 29,
30, 57).

In high HIV prevalence settings, women who are exposed to intimate
partner violence are 50% more likely to acquire HIV than those who
are not exposed (16). Adolescent girls and young women also have the
highest incidence of intimate partner violence (11). In Zimbabwe,
for example, the prevalence of intimate partner violence among women
aged 15-24 years is 35%, compared with 24% for women aged 25-49
years; and in Gabon, prevalence of intimate partner violence among
young women is 42% compared with 28% for older women. In some
settings, 45% of adolescent girls report that their first experience
of sex was forced, another known risk factor for HIV (Fig. 4) (17).
In addition, girls who marry before age 18 are more likely to
experience violence within marriage than girls who marry later (14).
According to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), globally
120 million girls — 1 in 10 — are raped or sexually attacked by
the age of 20 years (15).

Women and girls also continue to experience unique risks and
vulnerabilities to HIV during conflicts, emergencies and post-
conflict periods. In conflict situations, rape can be used as a
weapon of war, increasing the risk of HIV transmission because rates
of HIV among military personnel typically exceed those of the
general population (18). Adolescent girls are particularly
vulnerable and, in some cases, are abducted and used for sexual
purposes by armed groups (15). The 2011 United Nations (UN) Security
Council Resolution 1983 recognizes that the impact of HIV is felt
most acutely by women and girls in conflict and post-conflict
settings due to both sexual violence and reduced or no access to
services (19). As highlighted by the resolution, however, there is
also potential for peacekeeping operations to protect civilian
populations through prevention of conflict-related sexual violence.

Core reasons why young women and adolescent girls are vulnerable to
HIV

Every hour, around 34 young African women are newly infected with
HIV. The reasons for relatively high rates of infection and low
scale-up of services for young women in Africa are complex and
interwoven. Changing the course of the epidemic requires addressing
the root causes and understanding the core conditions that
exacerbate vulnerability. Seven core conditions stand out:

* inadequate access to good-quality sexual and reproductive health
information, commodities and services, in some measure due to age of
consent to access services;

* low personal agency, meaning women are unable to make choices and
take action on matters of their own health and well-being;

* harmful gender norms, including child, early and forced marriage,
resulting in early pregnancy;

* transactional and unprotected age-disparate sex, often as a result
of poverty, lack of opportunity or lack of material goods;

* lack of access to secondary education and comprehensive age-
appropriate sexuality education;

* intimate partner violence, which impacts on risk and health-
seeking behaviour;

* violence in conflict and post-conflict settings.

Individually or in combination, these factors severely inhibit the
ability of young women and adolescent girls to protect themselves
from HIV, violence and unintended or unwanted pregnancy. Gender
inequality and lack of women’s empowerment or agency are key themes
that cut across these drivers.

Women’s agency or empowerment is the ability to make choices and to
transform them into desired actions and outcomes. Across all
countries and cultures there are differences between men’s and
women’s ability to make these choices. Women’s empowerment
influences their ability to build their human capital. Greater
control over household resources by women leads to more investment
in children’s human capital, shaping the opportunities for the next
generation (3). In sub-Saharan African countries, more than half of
married adolescent girls and young women do not have the final say
regarding their own health care and play a low decision-making role
in the household (20).

Poverty is another overarching factor. Poverty can push girls into
age-disparate relationships, a driver of HIV risk for young women
and adolescent girls. For example, in South Africa, 34% of sexually
active adolescent girls report being in a relationship with a man at
least five years their senior. Such relationships expose young woman
and girls to unsafe sexual behaviours, low condom use and increased
risk of sexually transmitted infections (57). The risk of
trafficking and sexual exploitation is also higher for young women
and adolescent girls living in poverty (21).

Poverty also increases the risk of child marriage, and girls in the
poorest economic quintile are 2.5 times more likely to be married as
children compared with girls in the richest quintile (21). In 2010,
67 million women aged 20-24 years had been married as girls, of
which one-fifth were in Africa (14).

In May 2014, after numerous national and regional commitments to
address child marriage (including the 2005 Maputo Protocol, Article
6c), the African Union Commission initiated a 2-year campaign,
starting in 10 African countries 2 , to accelerate the end of child
marriage on the continent by increasing awareness, influencing
policy, advocating for the implementation of laws and ensuring
accountability. Eliminating child marriage will decrease African
girls’ greater risk of experiencing domestic violence, premature
pregnancies and related complications, and sexually transmitted
diseases, including HIV.

There are promising solutions, but the solutions today are not the
solutions of yesterday. Fast-tracking the response is about being
flexible and taking account of the rapid transition taking place in
Africa today, looking at the new risks but also at the new
opportunities.

*****************************************************

AfricaFocus Bulletin is an independent electronic publication
providing reposted commentary and analysis on African issues, with a
particular focus on U.S. and international policies. AfricaFocus
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The Americans studying medicine in Cuba
| June 13, 2015 | 11:15 am | Cuba, Health Care | Comments closed

June 12, 2015Source: ProgesoWeekly

HAVANA, Cuba  After Hurricane Katrina devastated parts of Louisiana and Mississippi in August 2005, Cuba offered a cadre of doctors and medical supplies to help treat injured and displaced Americans. Cuba is renowned around the world for the quality of its doctors, but the United States government declined the offer.
Of course, that’s not exactly surprising given the two countries’ decades of animosity. Tension between Cuba and the U.S. is most visibly epitomized by a still-in-place trade embargo imposed by the U.S. in 1960, one year after Fidel Castro and Ernesto “Che” Guevara led a revolution to turn Cuba into a communist state.
Given the frosty relations and how the U.S. declined Cuban medical aid in 2005, one might reasonably assume the island just 90 miles south of Florida is the last place an American would go for medical school.
One would be wrong.
Lillian Burnett, who is from Oakland, is proof and she’s not alone.
But how does someone get from California to the Cuban capital en route to becoming a certified doctor?
It’s a story that involves Castro, an inspiring presentation back in the Bay Area, a personal desire to do good and a forward-thinking Cuban mission with an international outlook. It’s also a story that shines a light on the Escuela Latinoamericana de Medicina (ELAM), a program that trains doctors and helps patients worldwide, including in the U.S., even though few Americans are aware of its existence.

Inspiration from Honduras

Burnett graduated from UC Berkeley in 2005 with an eye on becoming a doctor. Soon after, Pastors for Peace, an interfaith organization that aims to help underserved populations, came to Laney College in Oakland to give a presentation about ELAM. An ELAM graduate named Luther Castillo spoke of his own experience in the program and told of the work he was doing back home in Honduras, serving his own Garifuna community, a Central American population of African descent.
“The Garifuna are very much a disenfranchised, oppressed, ostracized people in their countries and Luther was just this amazing young man who was doing amazing work,” Burnett recalled last month, sitting in her small one-bedroom apartment in Havana.

Hospital Salvador Allende in Havana where Burnett and her classmates study medicine. Hospital Salvador Allende in Havana where Burnett and her classmates study medicine.

Castillo talked about how he and other ELAM graduates had taken a method of medicine modeled after the Cuban system and applied it to his Garifuna community in Honduras. Small neighborhood clinics served and built relationships with collections of families in particular neighborhoods, where doctors functioned as community leaders as well as medical professionals.
The effect was something more intimate and holistic than the American health care system in which treatment can often feel hasty and impersonal.
“I saw that and was like, ‘Yup, that’s what I want to do,” Burnett says.
That’s the kind of doctor I want to be. I want to be groomed like that. Even if I can’t necessarily come back to the States and practice that way, let me have those values instilled in me as I’m learning this science.”
ELAM brings students from around the world to Cuba for a six-year program, taught in Spanish and covered by scholarships from the Cuban government. (For Americans, those scholarships are administered by the IFCO/Pastors for Peace partnership.)
Students have to make just one promise: After finishing the program, they’ll return home to work in underserved communities in their own home countries.
ELAM’s six-year program includes more than 10,000 students from more than 120 countries, according to MEDICC, a non-profit organization that works to facilitate cooperation in medical education between the U.S., Cuba and other countries. As of 2014, ELAM had graduated a total of 23,000 students from 83 countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas since its first class finished in 2005. American graduates, as of 2014 there were more than 100, along with about 100 current students from the U.S., are “overwhelmingly young people of color from low-income families, over half women,” according to MEDICC.
Gail Reed, MEDICC’s research director, says ELAM is the world’s largest medical school.
Sold on both Castillo’s story and ELAM as a whole, Burnett spent some time in the U.S. taking pre-med courses and saving money, then enrolled in the program and moved to Havana in 2011.
Her journey was just beginning.

Classmates and connections from all over

Burnett says one of her favorite aspects of ELAM is its emphasis on group responsibility beyond cultural lines. A typical group assignment could partner her with students from Lebanon, Pakistan, Mongolia, Ecuador and the Comoros, all of them working together in Spanish. In the eyes of their Cuban professors, success “or failure” is earned together, not as individuals.
“Say the kid from Pakistan and the kid from the Comoros are killing it, but the rest of us are struggling,” she says. “Professors aren’t going to let them get 5s and the rest of us get 2s and 3s. They’ll say, “How come you guys did well and your companeros are having a hard time? Shame on you. You need to help them out. You need to lift them up.”
But the benefits aren’t only educational.
That’s an excellent political diplomacy and international solidarity move, because you’re not going to be so quick to make someone an enemy,” Burnett says. “You have this mentality of, “Nah, man, I went through six years of medical school and some real stuff with my friend from Palestine right there. That’s the homie!”

“You have a responsibility in that, too”

Burnett is currently nearing the end of her fourth year in the program. The first two are spent mostly in the classroom learning hard sciences, the subsequent four doing hands-on clinical work. From day one, however, students get assigned to individual neighborhoods where they go door-to-door to take people’s temperatures, test blood pressure and inquire about people’s general well-being.
It’s not an intrusion to those residents, though, Burnett says, since they’re used to such a community-based healthcare model. Typically, a clinic called a consultorio will serve a given neighborhood; the doctor often lives above the clinic where he practices and gets to know local families well. Then a bigger clinic will offer more specific care for a collection of neighborhoods, with hospitals existing as a top-tier for last resort or in case of emergencies.
Aspects of that connected, social, community-based system are what Burnett and many of her fellow ELAM students hope to take back to their own countries after graduation.
“There’s a way of interacting with people and being present in the community that’s not just scientific or hard medicine,” she says. “I’d really like to practice in a community to help it mobilize around its own health.”
Burnett mentions her own hometown of Oakland.
“Cubans would say there’s a role the physician has to play around addressing gun violence in the community, around addressing addiction in the community, addressing police brutality in the community,” she continues. “Those are things people are dying from, even if there’s not a pill for them. You need to understand the impact that all those other social, political economic stressors have on someone developing an infectious disease or diabetes or hypertension in that atmosphere.
“There’s medicine in that, too. You have a responsibility in that, too.”
Traitor vs. Patriot

Traitor vs. patriot

 

By James Thompson

 

Much has been made in the right wing, bourgeois media, about who is a traitor and who is a patriot in the United States today. Glenn Beck, Rush Limbaugh and other bourgeois cheerleaders connect the dots by declaring that communists/socialists are traitors and the right wing fringe of the GOP are patriots.

 

Before we examine this proposition, it is important to clarify the definition of the terms.

 

The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines a traitor as:

 

“a person who is not loyal to his or her own country, friends, etc. : a person who betrays a country or group of people by helping or supporting an enemy”

 

The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines a patriot as:

 

“a person who loves and strongly supports or fights for his or her country”

 

The bourgeois media sidesteps these definitions when identifying traitors or patriots. They also failed to clarify who constitutes a “country.”

 

When examining these concepts, it is important to keep in mind that a “country” is composed of its residents. In the United States, the populace is composed of very diverse groups who have different interests. There are many ethnic groups in the United States to include Anglos, African-Americans, Latinos, Asians, Native Americans and many others. People also belong to various socio-economic strata to include bourgeois and proletarians, in other words owners of the means of production and workers. Another way to put it is wealthy and poor.

 

Some people have drawn attention to the fact that the 1% owns the vast majority of the wealth in the United States and the rest is divided among the 99%. Many people have pointed to the vast inequality in personal wealth in the United States.

 

When examining the concepts of traitor and patriot, it is important to keep in mind which socio-economic sector of the population to which the individual is loyal. It is also important to consider the policies advocated by the individual in question and how these policies apply to the interests of the various sectors of the population.

 

For example, Sen. Ted Cruz, who just announced his candidacy for the position of President of the United States, has taken very strong positions from the starting line. He has made clear that he favors shutting down the US government, especially the IRS. He has also taken an uncompromising anti-immigrant stance, even though he, himself, is an immigrant. Ted Cruz was born in Canada.

 

Let us examine Sen. Cruz in terms of the traitor/patriot dialectic.

 

What would it mean to the people of the United States if the federal government was shut down? It would mean that all social programs to include Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, Veterans Affairs, Federal Bureau of prisons, Federal Aviation Administration to include air traffic controllers, federal highway programs, public health service, the military, Bureau of Indian affairs, to nothing for the executive branch of the government, legislative branch and judiciary. Also, the border patrol would be shut down. This element of his policies is particularly contradictory. In other words, Sen. Cruz advocates chaos. It should be remembered that the IRS is the agency that provides the funding which makes it possible for this country to function as a sovereign nation.

 

Most working people with any understanding of the functioning of the United States easily understand that the eradication of the federal government would result in extraordinary hardship for workers and their families. Meanwhile, the people in the 1% would benefit tremendously from the eradication of the federal government. It would mean lower taxes and lower labor costs. For the working class, the eradication of the federal government would mean lower wages and lower social benefit programs. In other words, only the wealthy would be able to afford education for their children, only the wealthy would be able to afford healthcare, the criminal justice system would be reduced and travel would become very difficult or impossible if one was not extremely wealthy. Discrimination against immigrants also benefits the 1% because both immigrant and citizen workers can be manipulated to accept lower wages

 

So, Sen. Cruz’ positions would clearly define him as a patriot to the 1% and a traitor to the 99%.

 

Conversely, for example, Sen. Bernie Sanders who advocates an expansion of social programs and a reduction in the inequality of income could be considered a traitor to the 1% and a patriot to the 99%.

 

In the coming elections, it will be important for people to ask themselves the question “Which side are you on?” and vote accordingly.

Mission Miracle, a wonderful gift to humanity from Venezuela and Cuba
| March 8, 2015 | 6:41 pm | Cuba, Health Care, political struggle, Venezuela | Comments closed
By Arthur Shaw
Axis of Logic
Friday, Jul 6, 2007

 

Mission Miracle, the three-year old Venezuelan-Cuban anti-blindness program initially for Latin America and the Caribbean, has already restored the sight of about 700,000 people from 30 countries and aims to restore the sight of about 6,000,000 blind people in the region by 2015.

The services that Mission Miracle offers to its patients are free.

Mission Miracle has drawn quite of bit of attention from the revolutionary and progressive media. With only a handful of exceptions, the bourgeois media, both in Latin America and the USA, have largely ignored the astonishingly successful ophthalmologic program. Ironically, it is the extreme reactionary sector of the US bourgeois media that shows the most interest in the program.

One of the partial exceptions to this non-coverage or bigoted coverage of Mission Miracle in the bourgeois media is John Otis’ piece in the Houston chronicle, a moderate bourgeois newspaper, which gives a surprisingly factual account of the tremendous success of Mission Miracle with the customary or inescapable anti-socialist bias, mandatory in the capitalist press, largely held in the background of the story.

The Mission Miracle has, among others things, medical, political, and moral sides.

Medical side of Mission Miracle

According to the World Health Organization, there are more than 37 million people in the world who have lost their sight as a result of preventable causes; of these, more than a million and a half are children below the age of 16.

The prevalence of preventable blindness varies in relation to the level of economic development in each country. While in highly developed capitalist countries, blindness hovers at 0.25%. In poorly developed capitalist countries with insufficient health care services, this figure can reach 1% of the populace.

In Third World countries, which are mostly poorly developed capitalist countries, the main causes of blindness are cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, infectious diseases such as trachoma and onchocerciasis, and Vitamin A deficiencies. Other ophthalmologic diseases such as pterygium, ptosis and strabism are very frequent in both children and adults.

Since cataracts are the cause of more than 50% of preventable cases of blindness in the world, one must perform between 2000 and 4000 cataract operations for each million people annually if one wishes to gradually eradicate this disease.

Glaucoma causes 15% of the blindness in the world. Between 1 and 2% of the world population suffers from this disease, and these figures double in black populations.  These cases require a high percentage of filter or trabeculoplasty laser surgery.

On July 5, 2004, the Cuban  President  Fidel Castro and Venezuelan  President Hugo Ch�vez agreed to start Mission  Miracle to aid patients with eye diseases, as a result of the complaints from many workers in the joint Venezuelan-Cuban literacy program in Venezuela about many of their students whom they were trying to teach to read but who couldn�t even see, according to John Otis� article in the Houston Chronicle.

In the early days of the program in 2004, Cuba mostly supplied the experts and Venezuela mostly the money for Mission Miracle, but today Venezuelan doctors, many educated at Cuban medical schools or at Venezuelan medical schools where Cuban doctors teach, are very much involved on the operational side of the program.

Now, three years later, in addition of flying hundreds of thousands of patients to Cuba and Venezuela for operations and treatment, Cuba has also constructed and donated 36 ophthalmologic centers which are already functioning in 8 countries in Latin American, the Caribbean and Africa (13 centers in Venezuela, 2 in Haiti, 12 in Bolivia, 2 in Guatemala, 2 in Ecuador, 1 in Honduras, 1 in Panama, 1 in Mali and 1 in Nicaragua [2 more are currently under construction in Nicaragua].) where, so far, 686,442 Latin American, African and Caribbean patients have already been operated on, as of June 13, 2007. More than 690 Cuban public health professionals are working in these ophthalmologic centers. These centers contain state-of-the-art equipment and supplies, most of which are manufactured in Cuba.

Another point on the medical side of Mission Miracle is that its incomparable success points to the existence of a medical and organizational infrastructure that can also be deployed to battle other diseases that plague humanity.

The elements of the infrastructure seem to be:

  1. The scientific know-how to battle a given pestilence

  2. Medical institutions in either patient’s country or Cuba and Venezuela to treat hundreds of thousands of patients

  3. Means of international transportation, mostly passenger jets, to move hundred of thousands of patients

  4. Financial resources to pay for the enormous program

  5. Organizational and administrative abilities to run efficiently such a massive operation

  6. Construction workers who are skilled enough and tough enough to promptly build clinics and hospitals in the difficult conditions of poorly developed capitalist countries of the Third World

  7. The procurement or manufacture of the necessary equipment that the treatment requires

  8. The procurement or manufacture of the necessary supplies, especially the all-important drugs, the program requires

  9. The revolutionary or moral will or both to act in accordance with revolutionary and moral principles

  10. A population of largely moral or revolutionary people or both which will support or, at least, tolerate the program

The magnificent performance of Mission Miracle which has bestowed sight on almost 700,000 people from 30  different countries in only three years demonstrates unquestionably that all of the elements of this infrastructure — this cluster of technical, transportation, communication, organizational, physical, and financial resources — exists for a universal battle against preventable blindness and, perhaps, against pestilence and epidemics of other kinds, such as AIDS.

It is the demonstrable existence of this international and humanitarian infrastructure of the Venezuelans and Cubans that alarms or terrifies the US imperialists more than the beneficence or the good works of Mission Miracle.

It is possible that even the Cubans and Venezuelans, as yet, don�t appreciate what they have and the immensity of the good they have done for humanity.

Lamentably, most of us tend to judge the worth and the significance of things by the degree of coverage the thing gets in the bourgeois media.

The greatest obstacle to this proposed universal battle against international epidemics, which is something supremely moral, is the evil in high places in the USA that indomitably opposes such an operation. A “Mission Miracle” that battles AIDS, for example, is blocked by the unavailability of infrastructure item No. 8 or  “the procurement or manufacture of the necessary supplies, especially the all-important drugs, the program requires.”

The US imperialists control most of the AIDS drugs. In 2006, almost four million people died from the lack of these drugs.

If you like � go ahead � make excuses for the US imperialists or continue to ignore the holocaust.

But while you make your excuses for or ignore the holocaust, keep in mind that over 40 million people are currently at risk. And the number is rising rapidly.

Political side of Mission Miracle

Although the US capitalist media love to play up, as a big propaganda show, isolated cases where somebody in the USA airlifts one or two patients from a poor country to the USA for operations and treatments, the truth is that neither the imperialist US regime, the US bourgeois media, US medical profession, US religious community, nor the US bourgeoisie is doing hardly anything about the millions and millions of cases of preventable blindness in the countries of Latin America and Caribbean, so-called neighbors of the USA.

Indeed, most of these US political and ideological forces don�t seem too concern about blindness in the USA, not to mention the Third World.

Today, the political struggle or politics in Latin America and Caribbean is not, for the most part, over whether the state is a democracy or a dictatorship; the struggle, for the most
part, is over whether the democracy is bourgeois or proletarian.

In a concrete way, Mission Miracle strengthens the argument that proletarian democracies are politically and morally superior to bourgeois democracy.

The form of the state — that is, how power is exercised — may be identical is both proletarian and bourgeois democracies. But the content of the state — that is, what social class chiefly exercises power and for what class power is chiefly exercised — is very different between proletarian and bourgeois democracies.

Mission Miracle is a specific exercise of power by two democratic states � the Cuban and Venezuelan governments �  with chiefly proletarian content. It is an exercise of power aimed chiefly  for the benefit of working and poor peoples of all of Latin America and the Caribbean.

[Bourgeois ideologists deny that both Cuba and Venezuela are democracies of any kind � bourgeois or proletarian. In the case of Cuba, their denial of its democracy rests mainly on the Cuban preference for multi-candidate elections rather multi-party elections and the alleged lack of the so-called “free press,” meaning essentially, journalistic space for each sector of the bourgeoisie — that is, liberal, centrist, and reactionary — to own and dominate a sector of the mass media independent of government control. Since any Cuban citizen, whatever his or her party or ideological identity can run for public office in Cuba and the Communist Party doesn’t campaign for any candidate, multi-candidate elections may be at par with multi-party elections. Cuba certainly doesn’t have a “free press” as bourgeois ideologists define it, but the Cuban press seems more truthful than the bourgeois media and that should count for something. Truth disables the bourgeois media which must be free to lie (the norm) or report factually. The arguments of bourgeois ideologists against the authenticity of Venezuelan democracy are of course transparent lies.]

Most democracies in Latin America and the Caribbean are definitely bourgeois democracies, but Mission Miracle springs from two proletarian democracies � or almost proletarian in the case of Venezuela. In Cuba, about 97 percent of the government officials are workers. In Venezuela, a growing and powerful minority of the state officers are workers. That Mission Miracle springs from these two countries is not an accident.

So, Mission Miracle makes the point, in a concrete way, to its almost 700,000 patients from 30 countries who got their sight back and to the millions of relatives and friends of these 700,000 patients that states in which workers chiefly exercise power and exercise it chiefly for the workers and for the poor are better than states in which the bourgeoisie chiefly exercise power and exercise power exclusively for the benefit of bourgeoisie and foreign imperialists. 

The 700,000 patients and their millions of relatives and friends will have to figure out in future elections in the 30 or so democracies in Latin America and the Caribbean which candidates, if any, are class conscious workers and will exercise power chiefly in the interests of the workers and the poor.

To be sure, Fidel and Hugo Chavez are clever dudes.

Evil � that is, to know, like, and do wrong � is always a bad thing, but it is really bad when it has power. In the USA, it has power.

Conversely, good is always good, but it is really good when it has power. In Cuba and Venezuela, it has power.

The moral side of the Miracle

One of the moral points related to Mission Miracle is that the program repudiates the vile mercantile concept of the medical profession as a mean vendor of medical services as if these services were ordinary commodities bought and sold in the so-called “free market” with prices fixed by supply and demand. In neo-liberal or laissez faire capitalism, if a person can’t afford the medical service, then he does without.  In this case, he does without sight. The idea that human beings are entitled to medical services independent of their financial status is the gist of the concept of “socialized medicine” that Mission Miracle concretely expresses.

“The bourgeoisie has stripped of its halo every occupation hitherto honored and looked up to with reverent awe. It has converted the physician, the lawyer, the priest, the poet, the man of science, into its paid wage-laborers,” wrote Marx and Engels in the Manifesto of the Communist Party.

For the most part, middle class and bourgeois physicians are today eager converts to wage-laborers.  Increasingly, the bourgeoisie substitutes horns for the former halo that hovered over heads of its physicians. Rather than reverent awe, many patients in bourgeois society are shocked and appalled by the hustler mentality they find in their doctors. Although many physicians are today only paid wage-laborers, bossed around like peons or dish-washers by insurance companies, HMOs, drug companies, and the bean-counters from the business offices of their hospitals, these physicians � getting at least $4,000 a week in the USA � are highly paid wage-laborers.

Mission Miracle helps to restore the dignity or the halo to the practice of medicine.

Upon seeing good being done in the world by their foes or by anybody else, the US imperialists, their regime, and the reactionary sector of the US people are all furious. They are especially  displeased with Honduras and Guatemala, close allies of US imperialism, for participating in Miracle.

In the May 2004 Report of the US Commission for Assistance to a Free Cuba, a document in which the US imperialist regime outlines its plot to pull off a counter-revolution in Cuba , Mission Miracle wasn�t mentioned because it didn�t then exist. This May 2004 Report only said that “Reports from Venezuela also indicate that Cuban doctors are engaging in overt political activities to boost Chavez�s popularity.”  No doubt, these “overt political activities” in which Cuban doctors were allegedly engaged was the competent practice of medicine. Two years later, after the wondrous success of Mission Miracle was widely acknowledged by millions of people in Latin America and Caribbean whose kin and friends had their vision restored in Cuba or in Venezuela or by the Cuban doctors in patient�s own country, the eyes of US imperialism were glued to the program. So, the July 2006 Report of the US Commission for Assistance to a Free Cuba Report, which updates the imperialist plot against the people of Cuba, recommends that the dictatorship in Washington stop US companies from exporting to Cuba any equipment and supplies to health institutions in Cuba which treat foreign patients or to Cuban programs that care for foreign patients in the patient�s own country.  Both proposals violate a 2001 US law that exempts food and medicine from the US economic blockade of Cuba. On July 10, 2006, Bush signed this July 2006 Report, effectively making Report the foreign policy of the US regime toward Cuba.

The US dictatorship lobbies and bribes foreign medical associations and foreign health authorities not to let Cuban doctors practice in their countries and not to let citizens of their own country educated in Cuban medical schools practice in their own country.  In April 2007, Mr. George W. Bush publicly scrolled Haitian President Rene Preval for the ties between Haiti and Cuba/Venezuela. Mission Miracle is one of the most important of these ties.  In June 2007, Mr. Bush lectured the heads of government of 14 Caribbean states about their ties with Cuba and Venezuela. Some of these Caribbean leaders were not amused by the arrogance and conceit of this alleged devil who illegally and unconstitutionally occupies the White House.

So, the US regime which does next to nothing for the  blind of Latin America and the Caribbean ties to stab in the back the Cubans and Venezuelans who giving or restoring sight to hundred of thousands of people.

This is evil that befits the devil.

But it is unfair to blame Mr. Bush for all of this evil, for this evil also attaches to the regime over which Mr. Bush presides and clings to the people the regime represents.

Since Mr. Bush has never been elected president of the United States,  neither he nor his regime
constitutionally represents anybody.  His regime is a dictatorship.

Apart from constitutional illegitimacy, Mr. Bush  enjoys the political support of US reactionaries, known as the “GOPs,”  about a third of the US people and electorate. The rest of the US people, the independents and the liberals, understandably seem to despise Mr. Bush.

Thus, the Miracle hints at the moral make-up of the US regime and the people regime represents as well as the moral make-up of the Cuban and Venezuelan regimes and the people the two regimes represent.

How do people in the United States view Mission Miracle?

For the most part, the liberals, about a third of the US people and electorate, have never heard of the Miracle, but if they were ever to hear about it, the Miracle will please them and they will likely do what they can do to stop Mr. Bush from destroying the Miracle. To the liberals, the Miracle is good, something of an oasis in the desert.

Similarly, the independents, who are also about a third of the US people and electorate, haven�t for the most part heard about the Miracle. But they differ from the liberals. The independents will feel no different if they knew about the Miracle than before they knew. They will do nothing after they know that they weren�t doing before they knew. They will not stop doing anything after they know that they were doing before they knew. To the independents among the US people and electorate, the Miracle is irrelevant — that is, it doesn�t put anything in their pockets nor takes skin off of their backs.

Of the three sectors of the US people and electorate — liberals, independents, and reactionaries — the reactionaries in the USA know the most about the Miracle. But evil thrills US reactionaries and they want very much to see more evil; so, these reactionaries are adverse to the Miracle. Those who know about the Miracle want it stopped. Those who don�t know about it would be distressed if they did. Over the last year or so, political support for Mr. Bush, the infamous GOP leader, has fallen from about 33 percent to somewhere like 24 percent. This 9-point drop doesn�t imply a shrinkage of the reactionary sector of the US people and electorate, because many GOPs are dismayed or disappointed with Mr. Bush because he is not MORE evil in Iraq, with AIDS, poverty, blindness, homelessness (like the one million children who live on US streets), etc.

Therefore, there is good reason, in the USA, for our high hopes in both the electoral and legislative struggles ahead, because about two-thirds of the US people and electorate are not evil.

Still,  about a third is � and very much so.

If liberals, progressives and revolutionaries fail to find some way to check the evil that resides in high places in the USA, Mission Miracle and its future extensions and expressions may never reach their desperately-needed potentials.

As for the moral make-up of the Venezuelans and Cubans from what we can divine about it from the Miracle, let�s just say that nothing more dramatically describes and distinguishes the fundamental differences in politics and morality between, on the one hand, the proletarian ruling class of Cuba and increasingly a similar class in Venezuela and, on the other hand, the smug bourgeois ruling class of the USA than the stark contrast between Mission Miracle which has, in three years, miraculously bestowed sight to almost 700,000 people from 30 countries while the US imperialist aggression and occupation of Iraq has, in four years, occasioned the lost of  over 700,000 Iraqi lives.

� Copyright 2007 by AxisofLogic.com

Please note: Reprints of this article may be published on the condition that the author and original source (Axis of Logic) be cited. We also ask that the article appear without modification, linked to the original source. Thank you!


Read additional articles by Arthur Shaw, Axis of Logic Columnist

You can reach Arthur Shaw at: Belial4444@aol.com

Houston Socialist Movement: Rally against Republicans!

You can view the videos of the Rally against Republicans held on 2/28/2015 in Houston which was organized by the Houston Socialist Movement at the following links:

http://youtu.be/eH5gteUx_HQ

 

http://youtu.be/dQZmH5LH-ug

 

http://youtu.be/55MI956srIc

 

http://youtu.be/SugVZPSzoJE

 

http://youtu.be/NeqoRM8X2d4

 

http://youtu.be/HekqSmY0QHw

 

http://youtu.be/CKpvEzZOm-Q

Jackson Tennessee Central Labor Council Supports HR 676
| February 20, 2015 | 8:34 pm | Economy, Health Care, Labor, National, political struggle | Comments closed

 

On January 5, 2015, the Jackson Central Labor Council meeting in regular session “voted unanimously to endorse and support HR 676, the National Single Payer Legislation,” reports Joe Coleman, President of the CLC.  Art Sutherland III, MD, of Physicians for a National Health Program and Terry Hash of PAX Chrisiti in Memphis spoke at an earlier meeting and urged the CLC to endorse this legislation.

The CLC resolution states, “Unions have battled to achieve the highest standards of health care for members and their families, and those gains have lifted up health benefits for all workers, even those who have no union.  All of these achievements are now under constant attack as costs rise and employers seek to shift those costs to workers.”

“HR 676 will save hundreds of billions annually by eliminating the high overhead and profits of the private health insurance industry and by using our purshasing power to rein in the drug companies,” the resolution continues.

“By standing up for all working people and leading the effort to win healthcare for all, we will affirm labor’s rightful role as a leader in the fight for social justice.  Bold action by our unions can rally the nation to pass HR 676,” the resolution concludes.

CLC President Coleman said “The Jackson Central Labor Council is grateful for the dedication and perseverance of all who work tirelessly to forge the support that keeps this vital legislation at the forefront of organized labor,”

Working with Physicians for a National Health Program, Unions for Single Payer will provide speakers to unions and other labor organizations interested in learning more about single payer health care.  Just contact us using the information below.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

HR 676 would institute a single payer health care system by expanding a greatly improved Medicare to everyone residing in the U. S.  Patients will choose their own physicians and hospitals.

HR 676 would cover every person for all necessary medical care including prescription drugs, hospital, surgical, outpatient services, primary and preventive care, emergency services, dental (including oral surgery,
periodontics, endodontics), mental health, home health, physical therapy, rehabilitation (including for substance abuse), vision care and correction, hearing services including hearing aids, chiropractic, durable
medical equipment, palliative care, podiatric care, and long term care.

HR 676 ends deductibles and co-payments.  HR 676 would save hundreds of billions annually by eliminating the high overhead and profits of the private health insurance industry and HMOs.

In the current Congress, HR 676 has 47 co-sponsors in addition to Congressman Conyers.

HR 676 has been endorsed by 617 union organizations including 149 Central Labor Councils/Area Labor Federations and 44 state AFL-CIO’s (KY, PA, CT, OH, DE, ND, WA, SC, WY, VT, FL, WI, WV, SD, NC, MO, MN, ME, AR, MD-DC, TX, IA, AZ, TN, OR, GA, OK, KS, CO, IN, AL, CA, AK, MI, MT, NE, NJ, NY, NV, MA, RI, NH, ID & NM).

For further information, a list of union endorsers, or a sample endorsement resolution, contact:

Kay Tillow
All Unions Committee for Single Payer Health Care–HR 676
c/o Nurses Professional Organization (NPO)
1169 Eastern Parkway, Suite 2218
Louisville, KY 40217
(502) 636 1551

Email: nursenpo@aol.com
http://unionsforsinglepayer.org

https://www.facebook.com/unionsforsinglepayer 

02/16/2015